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. 2022 Sep 7;10(37):12433–12447. doi: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.2c04095

Table 1. Inventory Data for Conducting Life Cycle Assessment to Prepare Magnetic Adsorbent Material Using 1 kg of Pomace Leaves.

Material/Process Unit Input Output Reference
Transportationa
Transportation of pomace leaves t·km   0.10 Calculation (1-tonne·km distance)
Transportation of plastic waste t·km   0.06  
Pomace leaves supernatant preparation
Pomace leaves g 188.3    
Deionized water for cleaning leavesb g 188.3    
Electrical energy for drying leavesc MJ 0.15   (40)
Electrical energy for grinding leaves 106 MJ 9.0   (41)
Deionized water for supernatant g 301.3    
Electrical energy for heating at 75 °C MJ 0.6   (42)
Supernatant g   301.3  
Pyrolysis
Pomace leaves g 811.8    
Deionized water for cleaning leaves g 811.8    
Electrical energy for drying and grinding leaves MJ 0.65   (40, 41)
Plastic waste (PET) g 649.4    
Electrical energy for the pyrolysis MJ 0.001   (43, 44)
Composite material g   376.6  
Magnetic plastic waste-biomass char composite
Composite material g 376.6    
FeCl3·6H2Od g 67    
FeSO4·7H2Oe g 33.5    
Supernatant g 301.3    
Electrical energy for heating at 80 °C MJ 3.04   (42)
Deionized water for the solution g 452    
NaOHf g 0.22    
Magnetic composite material (after 10% losses) g   428.7  
Deionized water for cleaning g 428.7    
Energy for drying in the oven MJ 0.05   (45)
a

Transport, freight, lorry 3.5–7.5 t, euro6/market for transport, freight, lorry 3.5–7.5 t, EURO6 | APOS, U.

b

Deionized water, reverse osmosis, production mix, at the plant, from groundwater RER S.

c

Electricity grid mix 1–60 kV, AC, consumption mix, at consumer, 1–kV EU-27 S.

d

Pig iron46| market for | APOS, S; chlorine gas, production mix/RER Mass; deionized water, reverse osmosis, production mix, at the plant, from groundwater RER S.

e

Pig iron46| market for | APOS, S; sulfuric acid | market for sulfuric acid | APOS, U; deionized water, reverse osmosis, production mix, at the plant, from groundwater RER S.

f

Sodium hydroxide, chlor-alkali production mix, at plant/RER.