Table 1.
Characteristics of participants at baseline and comparisons between those who did not log in and those who did.
| Characteristic | Baseline (n=121) | Participants who did not log in (n=53) | Participants who logged in (N=68) | P valuea | |
| Age (years) | |||||
|
|
Range | 19-42 | 19-39 | 19-42 | N/Ab |
|
|
Mean (SD) | 24.03 (4.61) | 24.7 (4.41) | 23.56 (3.55) | .12 |
| Sex, n (%) | .49 | ||||
|
|
Female | 103 (85.1) | 44 (83.0) | 59 (86.8) |
|
|
|
Male | 17 (14.0) | 9 (17.0) | 8 (11.8) |
|
|
|
Did not fill out | 1 (0.8) | 0 (0) | 1 (1.5) |
|
| Level of education, n (%) | .24 | ||||
|
|
Bachelor’s degree and equivalent | 94 (77.7) | 46 (86.8) | 48 (70.6) |
|
|
|
Master’s degree | 18 (14.9) | 5 (9.4) | 13 (19.1) |
|
|
|
Doctoral degree | 3 (2.5) | 1 (1.9) | 2 (2.9) |
|
|
|
Did not fill out | 6 (5.0) | 1 (1.9) | 5 (7.4) |
|
| Field of study, n (%) | .29 | ||||
|
|
Social and behavioral science | 83 (68.6) | 30 (56.6) | 53 (77.9) |
|
|
|
Business and administration | 12 (9.9) | 9 (17.0) | 2 (2.9) |
|
|
|
Languages | 6 (5.0) | 4 (7.5) | 0 (0) |
|
|
|
Humanities | 0 (0) | 3 (5.7) | 0 (0) |
|
|
|
Others | 20 (16.5) | 7 (13.2) | 13 (19.1) |
|
| University location, n (%) | .04 | ||||
|
|
Java | 79 (65.3) | 30 (56.6) | 49 (72.1) |
|
|
|
Sumatra | 20 (16.5) | 10 (18.9) | 10 (14.7) |
|
|
|
Kalimantan or Borneo | 8 (6.6) | 2 (3.7) | 6 (8.8) |
|
|
|
Sulawesi | 10 (8.3) | 8 (15.1) | 2 (2.9) |
|
|
|
East Nusa Tenggara | 2 (1.7) | 2 (3.8) | 0 (0) |
|
|
|
Others | 2 (1.7) | 1 (1.9) | 1 (1.5) |
|
| DASS-42c subscale score, mean (SD) | |||||
|
|
Depression | 14.88 (8.70) | 13.37 (8.21) | 16.16 (8.90) | .92 |
|
|
Anxiety | 15.54 (6.72) | 15.54 (6.92) | 15.58 (6.24) | .99 |
|
|
Stress | 23.11 (5.80) | 22.89 (5.91) | 23.28 (5.53) | .71 |
| Stress level, n (%) | .24 | ||||
|
|
Mild | 36 (29.8) | 16 (30.2) | 20 (29.4) |
|
|
|
Moderate | 40 (33.1) | 16 (30.2) | 24 (35.3) |
|
|
|
Severe | 41 (33.9) | 20 (37.7) | 21 (30.9) |
|
|
|
Extremely severe | 4 (3.3) | 1 (1.9) | 3 (4.4) |
|
| WHOQOL-BREFd domain score, mean (SD) | |||||
|
|
Physical health | 41.83 (7.49) | 42.15 (7.23) | 41.56 (7.82) | .56 |
|
|
Psychological health | 47.90 (14.29) | 51 (14.07) | 45.34 (13.98) | .02 |
|
|
Social relationship | 49.04 (19.29) | 48.69 (20.65) | 49.33 (18.39) | .43 |
|
|
Environmental health | 53.91 (11.67) | 53.71 (11.97) | 54.07 (11.61) | .98 |
|
|
Overall quality of life | 2.98 (0.87) | 3.08 (0.88) | 2.91 (0.86) | .29 |
|
|
Overall health | 2.90 (0.89) | 3.04 (0.79) | 2.79 (0.97) | .15 |
aP values are based on the difference between those who logged in and those who did not.
bN/A: not applicable; the P value was not calculated for these values.
cDASS-42: 42-item Depression Anxiety Stress Scales; scores range from 0 to 42 for each subscale, where a higher score indicates increased severity.
dWHOQOL-BREF: brief version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life instrument. Scores range from 1 to 5 for each item in each domain; the total score for each domain was then transformed linearly to a scale ranging from 0 to 100, where a higher score indicates increased quality of life.