Table 1.

Precision health education program after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy.

Item	Main content
Issue patient reexamination form	Explain the significance of follow-up; inform follow-up time and contact number.
Water intake and frequency	Inform postoperative water intake and frequency of the specific physical condition of patients. Generally, more than 2.5–3 L/d of water, equally distributed throughout the day, is recommended. In particular, patients are recommended to drink water before bedtime, after meals, and at night and maintain a urine volume of >2000 mL. Patients with renal colic attacks were recommended not to increase water intake during the day.
Postoperative medication guidance	Inform on the dose, usage, and adverse reactions of postoperative drugs. Patients with emergency ESWL and postoperative renal colic should stop taking drugs for stone expulsion on the same day but only receive routine antibacterial drugs.
Postoperative postural movement	After treatment, patients drink 500 to 1000 mL of water first, and postural movement is performed 10 to 15 min later. Postoperative movement is limited to 1–2 days according to individual differences in physical condition and stone expulsion progress. Different postural movements correspond to stones at different locations. Stones situated in the upper calyx, middle calyx, renal pelvis, and ureter: upright jumping (such as rope skipping and step jumping) with the heel landing first at a frequency of 15 to 30 min/time and 2 to 6 times/d and maintaining a lateral decubitus position on the unaffected side at rest between jumps. Note, the patients were recommended to jump in a single foot on the unaffected side for lower ureteral stones and jumping in a single foot on the affected side for middle ureteral stones. Stones in the lower calyx: the patient is positioned with the head up and feet down (inversion position: 45 to 60 degrees between the coronal plane of the body and the bed surface, or the knee-chest position), lightly patting on the waist of the affected side (10 to 30 min/time, 2 to 3 times/d), and maintaining a lateral decubitus position on the unaffected side for 30 min at rest between jumps. Stones in the bladder: urinating in the lateral decubitus position and changing to standing urination after most stones are expelled.
Self-management of stone expulsion	Patients are recommended to record urine volume and color, kidney pain, hematuria, and fever. Patients should visit the hospital in time in case of low back pain, fever, urinary frequency and urgency, and dysuria. The expelled stones are collected as much as possible for composition analysis and subsequent diet guidance.
Postoperative follow-up	Reexamination is performed 1 to 2 weeks after surgery until examination shows that the stones have been eliminated. The follow-up is 3 months but is appropriately prolonged in a few patients.