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. 2022 Jul 2;474(10):1043–1051. doi: 10.1007/s00424-022-02719-2

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Fig. 2 — Mitochondrial coupling and uncoupling. A Mitochondrial coupling: proton pumps of the electron transport chain uses redox energy to generate proton motive force. This force will regenerate ATP by ATP synthase. B Mitochondrial uncoupling inhibits the coupling between electron transport and ATP-synthetic reactions. This in turn causes loss of the energy as heat. Created with BioRender.com