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. 2022 Sep 21;13:5440. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-33068-4

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — a, b HLA-A24-positive T-cell lines of vaccinated donors were stimulated with A549-ACE/A2402 (Supplementary Fig. 1f) expressing spike protein derived from prototype, Omicron, and Delta variants. Representative FACS plots showing intracellular expression of IFN-γ in the NF9-specific CD8⁺ T cells (a) and QI9-specific CD8⁺ T cells (b) in two vaccinated donors (GV34 and GV60). c The level of IFN-γ production of NF9- and QI9-specific T cells in response to spike-expressing target cells in two vaccinated donors, GV34 (upper) and GV60 (lower). d Fold changes in IFN-γ expression by NF9-specific T cells (left) and QI9-specific T cells (right) compared to the target cells expressing prototype spike in eight vaccinated donors (GV15, 26, 31, 33, 34, 36, 60, and 61) are shown. a, b The numbers in the FACS plot represent the percentage of IFN-γ⁺ cells among CD8⁺ T cells. c The assay was performed in triplicate, and the means are shown with the SD. d The assay was performed in triplicate, and the median is shown. A statistically significant difference versus prototype spike (***p = 0.0002) is determined by a two-tailed Mann–Whitney test. ns, no statistical significance. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.