. 2022 Sep 21;5(5):e839. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.839

Table 1.

Demographic and socioeconomic profile of participants and their association with service utilization

Variables	Groups	Frequency (%)	Inpatient utilization			Outpatient utilization
Variables	Groups	Frequency (%)	Utilization %	χ ²	p value	Utilization %	χ ²	p value
Gender	Male	206 (49.0)	56.8	0.11	0.73	28.6	0.06	0.81
Gender	Female	214 (51.0)	55.1	0.11	0.73	29.7	0.06	0.81
Age	60–70	218 (53.8)	52.8	3.06	0.21	26.3	4.93	0.08
	70–80	134 (33.1)	61.9			31.6
	> 80	53 (13.1)	52.8			41.5
Education status	Illiterate	166 (39.4)	62	4.93	0.08	36.6	7.89	0.02^*
	Diploma or lower	218 (51.8)	50.9			25.2
	Academic education	37 (8.8)	59.5			18.9
Employment status	Employed	252 (59.9)	53.6	1.57	0.21	28	0.37	0.54
Employment status	Retired	169 (40.1)	59.8	1.57	0.21	30.8	0.37	0.54
Marital status	Single	104 (24.8)	53.8	0.31	0.58	33.7	1.33	0.25
Marital status	Married	316 (75.2)	57	0.31	0.58	27.7	1.33	0.25
Residence status	Urban	338 (80.3)	69.9	8.02	<0.001**	31.5	4.85	0.02^*
Residence status	Rural	83 (19.7)	52.7	8.02	<0.001**	19.3	4.85	0.02^*
Income status(Month)	Low income	151 (36.2)	62.9	11.9	<0.001^	35.6	5.77	0.12
	Under middle income	145 (34.8)	53.8			28.3
	Upper middle income	75 (18.0)	40			22.7
	High income	46 (11.0)	63			21.7
Basic health insurance status	Yes	386 (91.7)	56	0.02	0.89	28.6	0.49	0.48
Basic health insurance status	No	35 (8.3)	57.1	0.02	0.89	34.3	0.49	0.48
Type of basic health insurance	Social security	224 (54.4)	55.4	0.85	0.65	29.5	0.31	0.85
	Iranian health	82 (19.9)	54.9			26.3
	Others	106 (25.7)	60.4			29.2
Supplementary health insurance status	Yes	213 (50.6)	55.9	0.00	0.93	30	0.81	0.67
Supplementary health insurance status	No	208 (49.4)	56.3	0.00	0.93	28.2	0.81	0.67
Smoking	Yes	87 (20.7)	55.2	0.035	0.85	33.3	0.94	0.33
Smoking	No	334 (79.3)	56.3	0.035	0.85	28	0.94	0.33

Significant at p < 0.05 level.

^**

Significant at p < 0.01 level.