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. 2022 Sep 8;13:875091. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.875091

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Orthodontic wire ligature induces progressive alveolar bone resorption and inflammatory response. (A) Representative sagittal 3D images viewed from the buccal side and palatal side of the maxillary molars using Micro-CT, scale bar, 1mm. (B) CEJ-ABC linear distances. (C) Representative TRAP-stained sections of gingival tissues(top panels, × 40, magnification; scale bar, 0.5 mm, bottom panels, × 100 magnification; scale bar, 200 μm). Arrowheads mark osteoclasts. (D) The number of TRAP-positive cells at the ligature site. (E) The mRNA expression levels of genes measured using qRT-PCR. (F) Representative H&E sections of gingival tissues after ligature treatment (top panels, scar bar, 0.5mm, bottom panels, scar bar, 50μm). (G) Inflammatory cells in gingival tissues after ligature placement. (H) The mRNA expression levels of inflammatory factors. Data represent 3 independent experiments (n = 5). *P <0.05, ** P <0.01, *** P <0.001, **** P <0.0001.