Table 2.

Characteristics of study participants for IADL disability analysis (N = 2,505).

		MCR group
	Non-MCR (N = 2,185)	MCR-non-MI (N = 271)	MCR-MI (N = 49)	Total sample (N = 2,505)	P-value
Age, years (mean ± SD)	66.4 ± 5.6	66.5 ± 5.4	69.2 ± 6.2	66.5 ± 5.5	0.015
Female, n (%)	1,071 (49.02%)	124 (45.76%)	29 (59.18%)	1,224 (48.86%)	0.206
Urban residence, n (%)	754 (34.51%)	104 (38.38%)	16 (32.65%)	874 (34.89%)	0.428
Education, n (%)					0.004
No formal education or illiterate	1,176 (53.82%)	134 (49.45%)	37 (75.51%)	1,347 (53.77%)
Primary or above	623 (28.51%)	74 (27.31%)	9 (18.37%)	706 (28.18%)
Secondary or above	386 (17.67%)	63 (23.25%)	3 (6.12%)	452 (18.04%)
Current smokers, n (%)	701 (32.08%)	94 (34.69%)	11 (22.45%)	806 (32.18%)	0.156
Current drinkers, n (%)	716 (32.77%)	84 (31.00%)	18 (36.73%)	818 (32.65%)	0.912
History of hypertension, n (%)	633 (28.97%)	82 (30.26%)	19 (38.78%)	734 (29.30%)	0.307
History of diabetes, n (%)	125 (5.72%)	13 (4.80%)	3 (6.12%)	141 (5.63%)	0.815
History of CHD, n (%)	297 (13.59%)	39 (14.39%)	5 (10.20%)	341 (13.61%)	0.732
History of stroke, n (%)	37 (1.69%)	2 (0.74%)	1 (2.04%)	40 (1.60%)	0.481
Depressive symptoms, n (%)	885 (40.50%)	110 (40.59%)	23 (46.94%)	1,018 (40.64%)	0.004
Social Participation, n (%)	1,102 (50.43%)	134 (49.45%)	12 (24.49%)	1,248 (49.82%)	0.012
Baseline total physical activity score (mean ± SD)	59.36 ± 103.62	56.23 ± 104.72	32.72 ± 82.02	58.51 ± 103.39	1.000
Baseline episodic memory score (mean ± SD)	2.94 ± 1.77	3.41 ± 1.43	0.11 ± 0.21	2.93 ± 1.77	0.000
Baseline gait speed (mean ± SD)	0.69 ± 0.19	0.32 ± 0.08	0.30 ± 0.08	0.64 ± 0.22	0.000

Source: CHARLS 2011.

IADL, instrumental activities of daily living; MCR, motoric cognitive risk syndrome; MI, memory impairment; CHD, coronary heart disease.