Summary of XPS functional group details of the various surface treated FLCS. All data reported is an average of at least N = 3 samples.

	Peak positions, eV	FLCS	FLCS-corona	FLCS-1 h PDA	FLCS-12 h PDA	FLCS-24 h PDA
C 1s	284.8 (C–C, C–H)	45	36	54	51	43
	285.5 (C–O)	23	16	—	—	—
	286.1 (C–OH, C–N)	20	29	36	36	42
	288.0 (C O)	—	—	1	8	9
	289.1 (O C–O)	13	19	8	4	4
	291.5 (π → π* shakeup)	—	—	—	2	2
N 1s	398.2 (R N–R)	—	—	13	11	11
	400.0 (R–NH–R)	100	66	68	60	67
	401.0 (R–NH2)	—	28	16	29	22
	405.0 (R–NO2)	—	6	3	—	—