Table 1.
Characteristics of participants stratified by self-rated health (SRH) status (N = 1,810).
| Variables |
Total (N = 1,810) |
Phi and Cramer's V | Self-rated health | χ2 | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Poor (N = 1,308) |
Good (N = 502) |
|||||
| Age (years) | 0.124 | 27.905 | <0.001 | |||
| 60–64 | 399 (22.0) | 251 (19.2) | 148 (29.5) | |||
| 65–69 | 424 (23.4) | 319 (24.4) | 105 (20.9) | |||
| 70–74 | 421 (23.3) | 302 (23.1) | 119 (23.7) | |||
| 75–79 | 282 (15.6) | 225 (17.2) | 57 (11.4) | |||
| ≥ 80 | 284 (15.7) | 211 (16.1) | 73 (14.5) | |||
| Sex | 0.044 | 3.431 | 0.064 | |||
| Male | 770 (42.5) | 539 (41.2) | 231 (46.0) | |||
| Female | 1,040 (57.5) | 769 (58.8) | 271 (54.0) | |||
| BMI (kg/m 2 ) | 0.075 | 10.233 | 0.017 | |||
| <18.5 | 189 (10.4) | 148 (11.3) | 41 (8.2) | |||
| 18.5–22.9 | 825 (45.6) | 581 (44.4) | 244 (48.6) | |||
| 23.0–27.4 | 644 (35.6) | 457 (34.9) | 187 (37.3) | |||
| ≥27.5 | 152 (8.4) | 122 (9.3) | 30 (6.0) | |||
| Living status | 0.052 | |||||
| Not living alone | 1,567 (86.6) | 1,118 (85.5) | 449 (89.4) | 4.915 | 0.027 | |
| Living alone | 243 (13.4) | 190 (14.5) | 53 (10.6) | |||
| Residence | 0.116 | 24.52 | <0.001 | |||
| Urban | 801 (44.3) | 532 (40.7) | 269 (53.6) | |||
| Rural | 1,009 (55.7) | 776 (59.3) | 233 (46.4) | |||
| Marital status | 0.024 | 1.051 | 0.305 | |||
| Married/cohabited | 1,402 (77.5) | 1,005 (76.8) | 397 (79.1) | |||
| Single | 408 (22.5) | 303 (23.2) | 105 (20.9) | |||
| Education | 0.151 | 41.177 | <0.001 | |||
| Primary school and below | 1,291 (71.3) | 983 (75.2) | 308 (61.4) | |||
| Junior school | 291 (16.1) | 196 (15.0) | 95 (18.9) | |||
| High school and above | 228 (12.6) | 129 (9.9) | 99 (19.7) | |||
| Smoking status | 0.014 | 0.367 | 0.832 | |||
| Non-smoking | 1,412 (78.0) | 1,025 (78.4) | 387 (77.1) | |||
| Former smoking | 99 (5.5) | 71 (5.4) | 28 (5.6) | |||
| Smoking | 299 (16.5) | 212 (16.2) | 87 (17.3) | |||
| Drinking status | 0.081 | 12.018 | 0.002 | |||
| Non-drinking | 1,484 (82.0) | 1,094 (83.6) | 390 (77.7) | |||
| Former drinking | 70 (3.9) | 52 (4.0) | 18 (3.6) | |||
| Drinking | 256 (14.1) | 162 (12.4) | 94 (18.7) | |||
| Number of disease | 0.421 | 321.185 | <0.001 | |||
| 0 | 530 (29.3) | 236 (18.0) | 294 (58.6) | |||
| 1 | 714 (39.4) | 556 (42.5) | 158 (31.5) | |||
| 2 | 347 (19.2) | 304 (23.2) | 43 (8.6) | |||
| >2 | 219 (12.1) | 212 (16.2) | 7 (1.4) | |||
| Functional ability | 0.189 | 64.586 | <0.001 | |||
| Robust | 1,032 (57.0) | 670 (51.2) | 362 (72.1) | |||
| Limited | 778 (43.0) | 638 (48.8) | 140 (27.9) | |||
| Depression | 0.361 | 235.616 | <0.001 | |||
| Normal | 890 (49.2) | 497 (38.0) | 393 (78.3) | |||
| Depressed | 920 (50.8) | 811 (62.0) | 109 (21.7) | |||
| Loneliness | 0.193 | 67.386 | <0.001 | |||
| No | 1,110 (61.3) | 726 (55.5) | 384 (76.5) | |||
| Yes | 700 (38.7) | 582 (44.5) | 118 (23.5) | |||
| Social participation | 0.144 | 37.617 | <0.001 | |||
| High | 1,043 (57.6) | 696 (53.2) | 347 (69.1) | |||
| Low | 767 (42.4) | 612 (46.8) | 155 (30.9) | |||
| Social support | 0.212 | 81.025 | <0.001 | |||
| High | 906 (50.1) | 569 (43.5) | 337 (67.1) | |||
| Low | 904 (49.9) | 739 (56.5) | 165 (32.9) | |||
| Social connection | 0.142 | 36.332 | <0.001 | |||
| High | 1,279 (70.7) | 872 (66.7) | 407 (81.1) | |||
| Low | 531 (29.3) | 436 (33.3) | 95 (18.9) | |||
| Trust | 0.200 | 72.279 | <0.001 | |||
| High | 1,023 (56.5) | 659 (50.4) | 364 (72.5) | |||
| Low | 787 (43.5) | 649 (49.6) | 138 (27.5) | |||
| Cohesion | 0.169 | 51.403 | <0.001 | |||
| High | 1,078 (59.6) | 712 (54.4) | 366 (72.9) | |||
| Low | 732 (40.4) | 596 (45.6) | 136 (27.1) | |||
| Reciprocity | 0.245 | 108.235 | <0.001 | |||
| High | 978 (54.0) | 608 (46.5) | 370 (73.7) | |||
| Low | 832 (46.0) | 700 (53.5) | 132 (26.3) | |||