Table 5.

Comparison of demographic characteristics with respect to knowledge regarding the identification of antibiotics.

Variables	Groups	N	Mean Rank	H	p-value*
Age	18–28	45	50.42	12	0.017
	29–38	27	58.52
	39–48	14	38.11
	49–58	6	25.67
	>60	4	29.88
Education level of the participants	Primary education	28	32.77	52.8	0.001
	Secondary education	18	58.56
	Higher secondary education	15	64.37
	Graduation	13	80.96
	Postgraduation	4	64.38
	No formal education	18	22.72
Occupation of the participants	Govt employee	19	61.42	10	0.04
	Private employee	23	45.15
	Self-business	32	41.94
	Daily wager	14	42.21
	Other	8	64.69
Family set-up of the participants	Individual	60	49.58	0.7	0.7
	Joint family	35	47.23
	Extended family	1	28.5
Total number of family (male and female)	2–4	4	55.75	0.5	0.9
	4–6	27	49.83
	6–8	32	46.53
	10–12	21	47.88
	>12	12	49.42
Average Monthly Income of the Participants (PKR)	1,000–20,000	9	56.11	7.3	0.1
	21,000–30,000	29	44.29
	31,000–40,000	21	37.98
	41,000–50,000	9	58
	> 50,000	28	55.25
Type of the infectious diseases	Lower respiratory tract infections	35	44.27	8	0.09
	Upper respiratory tract infections	11	35.05
	Other infectious diseases (TB, etc.)	13	59.15
	Chronic illnesses	29	55.72
	Not any disease (NAD)	8	42
Number of chronic diseases	Groups	N	Mean Rank	U	p -value**
	0	33	57.73	735	0.016
	1–2	63	43.67

p ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. ^*p-value was calculated using the Kruskal Wallis H test. ^**p-value was calculated using the Mann Whitney U-test.