TABLE 2.
Status of primary outcome serum inflammatory biomarkers at baseline and after the 4-wk intervention and linear regression analyses on change from baseline scores in adults recently diagnosed with COVID-19 in the LEV and CON groups (n = 30/group)1
| Change in outcome measures associated with LEV treatment2 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Measure: treatment | Baseline | Week 4 | Estimate (95% CI) | P value |
| IL-6, pg/mL | 0.01 (−0.23, 0.26) | 0.91 | ||
| CON | 2.15 ± 3.79 | 1.60 ± 1.95 | ||
| LEV | 1.24 ± 0.84 | 2.26 ± 3.41 | ||
| Ferritin, ng/mL | 5.06 (−22.7, 32.8) | 0.72 | ||
| CON | 135 ± 177 | 94.6 ± 157 | ||
| LEV | 149 ± 162 | 98.6 ± 102 | ||
| CRP, mg/L | 0.05 (−0.10, 0.20) | 0.52 | ||
| CON | 4.99 ± 10.58 | 3.39 ± 6.96 | ||
| LEV | 1.47 ± 1.30 | 1.53 ± 1.51 | ||
| sP-selectin, ng/mL | −11.5 (−19.8, −3.15) | 0.0078* | ||
| CON | 74.2 ± 28.3 | 77.6 ± 31.0 | ||
| LEV | 81.3 ± 24.8 | 74.5 ± 23.9 | ||
| ICAM-1, ng/mL | 1.49 (−21.4, 18.4) | 0.88 | ||
| CON | 417 ± 75.1 | 407 ± 70.5 | ||
| LEV | 405 ± 73.8 | 394 ± 74.8 | ||
| N/L | 0.12 (−0.46, 0.70) | 0.69 | ||
| CON | 1.93 ± 0.74 | 2.09 ± 0.75 | ||
| LEV | 1.84 ± 0.54 | 2.10 ± 1.49 | ||
Data are presented as mean ± SD. Data were analyzed by multiple linear regression models with the change from baseline as the response variable regressed on the treatment group, adjusting for age, sex, BMI, and existing conditions. CON, placebo; COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; CRP, C-reactive protein; ICAM-1, intercellular adhesion molecule 1; LEV, 600 mg Levagen + twice daily; N/L, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio; sP-selectin, soluble P-selectin.
Data are presented as the regression estimate (95% CI) of the estimate for the group assignment variable from each model.
*Significance is retained after correction for multiple comparisons: Benjamini-Hochberg false discovery rate ≤ 0.10.