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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Clin Pharmacol. 2022 Sep;62(Suppl 1):S94–S114. doi: 10.1002/jcph.2117

Figure 2:

Figure 2:

Prediction of fetal drug exposure using the m-f-PBPK approach combined with data from (a) the ER-REF studies (left panel) or (b) the perfused placenta studies (right panel). Although the perfused placenta approach is shown in a single-pass mode, the re-circulation mode could also be used. CLu - unbound clearance; CLint(B→A) and CLint(A→B) - intrinsic drug clearance in the B→A and the A→B direction, respectively; ER - efflux ratio; Papp(B→A) and Papp(A→B) - apparent drug permeability in the B→A and the A→B direction, respectively; F→M - fetal to maternal; M→F - maternal to fetal; REF - relative expression factor.