Table 2.
Descriptive statistics for behavioral scales and associations with breastfeeding outcomes in the cohort
Variable | Overall N = 5249 |
Did you ever breastfeed this baby? N = 5249 |
How old was this baby when all breastfeeding stopped? N = 4704 (8 missing) |
How old was this baby when exclusive breastfeeding stopped? N = 3726 (1 missing) |
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Yes N = 4712 |
No N = 537 |
P-Val* | > 6 m N = 2739 |
<=6 m N = 1965 |
P-Val* | > 6 m N = 1161 |
<=6 m N = 2565 |
P-Val* | ||
EPDS Mean (SD) [Range 0–27. Higher values = more negative feelings/experiences] |
5.5 (4.0) | 5.4 (3.9) | 6.6 (4.9) | < 0.001 | 5.0 (3.7) | 5.9 (4.1) | < 0.001 | 5.0 (3.7) | 5.3 (3.9) | 0.01 |
MSS Mean (SD) [Range 12–84. Higher values = higher agreement] |
74.7 (13.8) | 75.1 (13.6) | 71.4 (15.7) | < 0.001 | 76.0 (12.9) | 73.9 (14.3) | < 0.001 | 76.3 (12.4) | 74.9 (14.1) | 0.002 |
CD-RISC Mean (SD) [Range 19–100. Higher values = Higher Resilience] |
79.1 (11.4) | 79.4 (11.0) | 76.6 (13.5) | < 0.001 | 80.1 (10.6) | 78.5 (11.5) | < 0.001 | 80.6 (10.8) | 79.5 (10.9) | 0.002 |
STAI-T Mean (SD) [Range 20–74. Higher values = Higher anxiety] |
33.8 (8.6) | 33.6 (8.4) | 36.4 (9.5) | < 0.001 | 32.9 (8.0) | 34.5 (8.8) | < 0.001 | 32.7 (8.0) | 33.5 (8.4) | 0.01 |
PSS Mean (SD) [Range 0–40. Higher values = Higher stress] |
11.3 (6.3) | 11.1 (6.2) | 13.2 (7.1) | < 0.001 | 10.4 (5.7) | 12.0 (6.6) | < 0.001 | 10.3 (5.9) | 11.0 (6.2) | < 0.001 |
PES Median (Range) | ||||||||||
PES-Hassle Frequency ratio | 0.70 (0.10–7.00) | 0.70 (0.10–6.00) | 0.70 (0.1–7.00) | 0.01** | 0.70 (0.10–6.00) | 0.70 (0.1–3.00) | 0.02** | 0.70 (0.10–2.25) | 0.70 (0.10–4.00) | 0.76** |
PES-Hassle Intensity ratio | 0.56 (0.33–2.22) | 0.56 (0.33–2.22) | 0.60 (0.33–2.11) | < 0.001** | 0.56 (0.33–2.04) | 0.58 (0.33–2.22) | < 0.001** | 0.56 (0.33–1.80) | 0.56 (0.33–2.22) | 0.31** |
EPDS Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, MSS Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale, CD-RISC Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, STAI-T Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, PSS Perceived Stress Scale, PES Pregnancy Experience Scale
*P-values obtained from t-test
**P-values obtained from Wilcoxon rank sum test