Table 2.
Order Characteristics of Restricted Antimicrobials
| Characteristics | Provisional Orders Only (N = 43), No. (%) |
Provisional Orders Followed By ID Orders (N = 34), No. (%) |
ID Initiated (N = 38) No. (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Patient location, ICU | 18 (42) | 16 (47) | 10 (26) |
| Department specialty at time of initial order | |||
| Cardiology/cardiothoracic surgery/cardiac ICU/LVAD | 2 (5) | 3 (9) | 9 (24) |
| Emergency medicine | 12 (28) | 2 (6) | 1 (3) |
| General internal medicine | 2 (5) | 4 (12) | 6 (16) |
| General/trauma/burn surgery | 10 (23) | 1 (3) | 2 (5) |
| Medical ICU | 9 (21) | 13 (38) | 3 (8) |
| Neurology/neurosurgery/neuro ICU | 5 (12) | 4 (12) | 6 (16) |
| Oncology/bone marrow transplant | 1 (2) | 6 (18) | 4 (11) |
| Other a | 2 (5) | 1 (3) | 7 (18) |
| Antimicrobial | |||
| Acyclovir, IV | 23 (53) | 21 (62) | 6 (21) |
| Ampicillin/sulbactam | 13 (30) | 1 (3) | 5 (18) |
| Ceftazidime/avibactam | 0 | 3 (9) | 2 (7) |
| Ceftolozane/tazobactam | 5 (12) | 5 (15) | 18 (47) |
| Fidaxomicin | 2 (5) | 1 (3) | 7 (25) |
| Meropenem/vaborbactam | 0 | 3 (9) | 0 |
| Indication at time of ordering | |||
| Empiric | 33 (76) | 18 (53) | 11 (29) |
| Definitive | 5 (12) | 16 (47) | 26 (68) |
| Prophylaxis | 5 (12) | 0 | 1 (3) |
| Adherent to appropriate use criteria | 31 (72) | 34 (100) | 37 (97) |
| Acyclovir, IV | 19/23 (83) | 21/21 (100) | 6/6 (100) |
| Ampicillin/sulbactam | 6/13 (46) | 1/1 (100) | 4/5 (80) |
| Ceftazidime/avibactam | 0 | 3/3 (100) | 2/2 (100) |
| Ceftolozane/tazobactam | 4/5 (80) | 5/5 (100) | 18/18 (100) |
| Fidaxomicin | 2/2 (100) | 1/1 (100) | 7/7 (100) |
| Meropenem/vaborbactam | 0 | 3/3 (100) | 0 |
Note. ID/ASP, infectious diseases/antimicrobial stewardship program; ICU, intensive care unit; LVAD, left ventricular assist device; IV, intravenous.
a
Other includes 1 pulmonary and 1 otolaryngology provisional-only order; 1 colorectal surgery for provisional followed by ID order; and 1 colorectal surgery, 1 hepatobiliary surgery/transplant, 2 otolaryngology, 3 pulmonary ID-initiated–only orders.