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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Sep 22.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Ind Med. 2009 May;52(5):391–407. doi: 10.1002/ajim.20686

Table X.

Contributing Factors of 307 Livestock-Handling Injuries Among Dairy Farm Workers as Identified Injury Claim Event Descriptions

N %
Host (worker)
 Job activity
  Milking 147 47.9
   Kicked while milking 65 21.2
   Kicked while attaching milking unit 31 10.1
   Kicked while stripping cow 8 2.6
   Stepped on while milking 25 8.1
   Stepped on while attaching milking unit 16 5.2
   Hit by tail while milking 2 0.7
  Bringing cows to parlor
   Pushing cows in parlor line 43 14.0
   Herding cows to milk 16 5.2
  Other activities
   Walking/standing behind cow (non milking) 13 4.2
   Calf pulling 7 2.3
   Pregnancy check 5 1.6
   Inseminating 5 1.6
   Administering IV/shot 4 1.3
   Restraining cow 3 1.0
   Castrating 2 0.7
   Feeding cattle/calves 2 0.7
   Marking cow 2 0.7
   Chasing cow 1 0.3
   Palpating cow 1 0.3
   Pulling calf out ofmud 1 0.3
   Locking up cow 1 0.3
   Slipped and fell 1 0.3
   Removing stitches 1 0.3
Agent (animal)
  Animal action
   Cow kick 126 41.0
   Cow stepped on 43 14.0
   Cow pushed 31 10.1
   Swung head around 11 3.6
   Cow pinned 10 3.3
   Bull charged 5 1.6
   Cow flipped/fell 4 1.3
   Another cow 2 0.7
   Swung tail 2 0.7
   Calf 8 2.6
Environment
  Location
   In dairy parlor 147 47.9
   In parlor feeder pen 39 12.7
   In cattle/calf pen 11 3.6
  Equipment
   Milking unit 47 15.3
   Milking rail 16 5.2
   Corral gate 13 4.2
   Fencing 9 2.9
   Wall 8 2.6
   Squeeze chute 5 1.6
   Herdlock 2 0.7
   Calf feeder 1 0.3
   Hose 1 0.3