Figure 4.

Principal component analysis of FT-ICR MS data. Examination of fossil bones by grinding them up and not demineralizing them reveals additional compounds in greater abundance than proteins and lipids. Proteins and lipids are in the greatest abundance in the elephant and mammoth bones, whereas the Morrison and Hell Creek bones have higher abundances of lignin, tannins and amino sugars and the HQ bones have a higher abundance of unsaturated and condensed hydrocarbons. Amino acids were found in the dinosaur bones and matrix but may be masked by the environmental compounds that are more abundant. Tannins could be any oxygenated compound and lignin could be phenols of plant or microbial origin.