Table 1.

Mechanisms of Fc engineering for therapeutic IgG1 mAbs.

Fc Engineering	Mechanism	Reference
Fc engineering for enhanced effector engagement	Selective engagement of particular classes of human FcγRs	[15]
	Fc mutation leading to hexamerization upon antigen binding. This leads to greater engagement of Fc to C1q and C3b	[57,58]
	Fc portion multiplication, leading to incremental binding to FcgR, FcRn, and C1q through incremented avidity effect	[60]
Fc engineering for increased valency	Antibody carries two different Fabs, each specific for one antigen	[47]
Fc glycol-engineering	Addition of oligosaccharides to a conserved Asn297 N-glycosylation site in the heavy chain Fc region	[64]