Figure 4.

Motor performance, muscular strength, spontaneous activity, and corticospinal function in ALS mice are improved after 2 weeks of intrathecal injection of the secretome from anti-miR-124-treated mSOD1 motor neurons (MNs). Representative illustrations of (A) footprint test, (B) hanging wire test, (C) cylinder test, and (D) clasping/grasping reflexes test. Measurement of the (E) stride length (in centimeters, cm), (F) time holding onto the cage grid (in seconds, s), (G) number of times the mice reared up against the cylinder, and percentage (%) of animals showing the (H) clasping and (I) grasping reflexes in wild-type (WT)/SOD1-G93A (mSOD1) mice injected with the vehicle (basal media of NSC-34 MNs) and mSOD1 mice injected with the secretome derived from mSOD1 MNs modulated with anti-miR-124 (mSOD1 + sec). Data are expressed as mean ± SEM for (E–G) and percentage (%) for (H,I) from at least 5 animals per group. **** p < 0.0001, ** p < 0.01 and * p < 0.05 vs. WT + vehicle; #### p < 0.0001 and ## p < 0.01 vs. mSOD1 + vehicle. One-way ANOVA followed by multiple-comparisons Bonferroni post hoc correction was used for footprint and cylinder tests; unpaired and one-way non-parametric ANOVA (Kruskal–Wallis test) was used for hanging wire test; chi-square (and Fisher’s exact) test was used for clasping and grasping tests. Panels (A–D) were partially created with Biorender (Biorender.com).