Figure 1. Conceptual model examining associations between social isolation, loneliness, and outcomes.
CHD indicates coronary heart disease; and CVD, cardiovascular disease. Adapted from Hodgson et al. 45 Copyright 2020 The Authors. Published on behalf of the Royal Society of Medicine by Sage Publishing. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution‐By Author License, which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.