Table 2.

Summary of biological properties and respective roles of the major growth factors that participate in wound healing.

Growth Factor	Biological Activities	Functions	Reference
PDGF	Regulate synthesis of matrix components Increase proliferation of fibroblasts	Inflammation Granulation tissue formation Re-epithelialization Matrix formation and remodeling	[69,70,71]
EGF	Increase proliferation of keratinocytes and endothelial cells Increase EGF binding to EGF-R Increase production of IGF	Re-epithelialization	[72,73]
IGF	Induce proliferation of keratinocytes Decrease protein catabolism (fibroblasts)	Inflammation Re-epithelialization	[74,75,76]
TGF	Regulate cell proliferation and matrix component synthesis Decrease growth of fibroblasts and keratinocytes Increase expression of keratin Increase proliferation of fibroblasts	Inflammation Granulation tissue formation Re-epithelialization Matrix formation and remodeling	[77,78]
FGF	Synthesis and deposition of various ECM components Increase keratinocyte motility during re-epithelialization	Granulation tissue formation Re-epithelialization Matrix formation and remodeling	[79,80]