Table 2.
Diagnostic Performance of VMA in CAS Screening at Different Discrepancy Cutoff Values
| Variable | Discrepancy cutoff value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ≥4.1 | ≥5.1 | ≥5.5 | ≥7.9 | |
| Setup cohort (N=40, including 20 with CAS and 20 without CAS) | ||||
| Sensitivity, % | 90 (95% CI, 68–99) | 80 (95% CI, 56–94) | 75 (95% CI, 51–91) | 55 (95% CI, 32–77) |
| Specificity, % | 65 (95% CI, 41–85) | 80 (95% CI, 56–94) | 90 (95% CI, 68–99) | 95 (95% CI, 75–100) |
| Positive predictive value, % | 72 (95% CI, 58–83) | 80 (95% CI, 62–91) | 88 (95% CI, 66–97) | 92 (95% CI, 61–99) |
| Negative predictive value, % | 87 (95% CI, 63–96) | 80 (95% CI, 62–91) | 78 (95% CI, 62–89) | 68 (95% CI, 56–78) |
| Validation cohort (N=162, including 89 with CAS and 73 without CAS) | ||||
| Sensitivity, % | 91 (95% CI, 83–96) | 89 (95% CI, 80–95) | 87 (95% CI, 78–93) | 55 (95% CI, 44–66) |
| Specificity, % | 78 (95% CI, 65–86) | 89 (95% CI, 80–95) | 80 (95% CI, 81–96) | 96 (95% CI, 88–99) |
| Positive predictive value, % | 83 (95% CI, 76–88) | 91 (95% CI, 84–95) | 92 (95% CI, 84–96) | 94 (95% CI, 84–98) |
| Negative predictive value, % | 88 (95% CI, 78–93) | 87 (95% CI, 78–92) | 85 (95% CI, 76–90) | 64 (95% CI, 58–69) |
| Total cohort (N=202, including 109 with CAS and 93 without CAS) | ||||
| Sensitivity, % | 91 (95% CI, 84–96) | 87 (95% CI, 79–93) | 84 (95% CI, 76–91) | 55 (95% CI, 45–65) |
| Specificity, % | 74 (95% CI, 64–83) | 87 (95% CI, 79–93) | 90 (95% CI, 82–95) | 96 (95% CI, 89–99) |
| Positive predictive value, % | 80 (95% CI, 74–85) | 89 (95% CI, 82–93) | 91 (95% CI, 85–95) | 94 (95% CI, 85–98) |
| Negative predictive value, % | 87 (95% CI, 79–93) | 85 (95% CI, 78–90) | 83 (95% CI, 76–88) | 64 (95% CI, 60–69) |
CAS indicates carotid artery stenosis; and VMA, video‐based motion analysis.