Table 2.

Independent Association of Waveform Parameters With MACEs

Parameter	Unadjusted HR	Demographics adjusted HR	Fully adjusted HR	Crude P value	Corrected P value
Pulse wave analysis parameters
Central pulse pressure	1.35 (1.31, 1.40)	1.13 (1.08, 1.17)	1.17 (1.08, 1.26)	<0.001	<0.001
Augmentation index at 75 beats per minute	1.08 (1.04, 1.13)	1.14 (1.08, 1.19)	1.05 (1.00, 1.11)	0.061	0.076
Wave separation analysis parameters
Forward pressure	1.36 (1.31, 1.41)	1.12 (1.08, 1.17)	1.12 (1.04, 1.20)	0.002	0.004
Backward pressure	1.30 (1.26, 1.35)	1.11 (1.06, 1.15)	1.11 (1.03, 1.19)	0.003	0.005
Reflection magnitude	1.03 (0.99, 1.07)	1.03 (0.98, 1.07)	1.03 (0.97, 1.08)	0.339	0.339

Associations are presented as hazard ratios (95% CI) for 1 SD increase. Crude P values were computed from the fully adjusted model. Corrected P values were obtained after a Benjamini‐Hochberg procedure using the P values from the fully adjusted model. The demographics adjusted model includes age, sex, and race. The fully adjusted model includes age, sex, race, height, weight, smoking, diabetes, total cholesterol, high‐density‐lipoprotein levels, estimated glomerular filtration rate, heart rate, statin use, prior cardiovascular disease, antihypertensive drug use, and systolic blood pressure. The fully adjusted model for body mass index omitted height and weight. HR indicates hazard ratio; and MACE, major adverse cardiovascular event.