Table 1.

Simulation results for the scenario with a trial effect.

		ρ = 0.01				ρ = 0.025				ρ = 0.05				ρ = 0.1
	True β (log RR)	0	0.337	0.470	0.693	0	0.337	0.470	0.693	0	0.337	0.470	0.693	0	0.337	0.470	0.693
	True β (log RR)	0	0.400	0.560	0.847	0	0.400	0.560	0.847	0	0.400	0.560	0.847	0	0.400	0.560	0.847
Bias	Imputation-GEE	0.002	0.010	0.012	0.014	0.003	0.012	0.015	0.017	0.003	0.015	0.018	0.021	0.001	0.017	0.022	0.028
	available cases-GEE	−0.005	0.004	0.008	0.011	−0.004	0.007	0.010	0.014	−0.004	0.009	0.013	0.019	−0.007	0.012	0.017	0.026
	Imputation-GLM	0.003	0.010	0.012	0.015	0.004	0.012	0.015	0.018	0.003	0.014	0.017	0.021	0.002	0.017	0.020	0.026
	available cases-GLM	−0.003	0.004	0.007	0.009	−0.002	0.007	0.009	0.012	−0.002	0.009	0.011	0.015	−0.004	0.011	0.014	0.020
	intent to treat-GEE	−0.003	0.004	0.007	0.009	−0.002	0.007	0.009	0.012	−0.002	0.009	0.011	0.015	−0.004	0.011	0.014	0.020
Relative Bias	Imputation-GEE	-	0.024	0.021	0.015	-	0.029	0.025	0.018	-	0.036	0.030	0.024	-	0.042	0.037	0.031
	available cases-GEE	-	0.011	0.013	0.013	-	0.016	0.017	0.016	-	0.023	0.023	0.021	-	0.029	0.029	0.028
	Imputation-GLM	-	0.030	0.027	0.021	-	0.037	0.031	0.025	-	0.043	0.036	0.030	-	0.049	0.043	0.037
	available cases-GLM	-	0.013	0.014	0.013	-	0.020	0.019	0.017	-	0.026	0.024	0.022	-	0.032	0.031	0.029
	intent to treat-GEE	-	0.013	0.014	0.013	-	0.020	0.019	0.017	-	0.026	0.024	0.022	-	0.032	0.031	0.029
ASE	Imputation-GEE	0.323	0.304	0.298	0.290	0.350	0.331	0.325	0.317	0.391	0.370	0.364	0.355	0.459	0.437	0.430	0.420
	available cases-GEE	0.325	0.306	0.300	0.292	0.353	0.334	0.327	0.319	0.394	0.373	0.367	0.358	0.463	0.441	0.434	0.424
	Imputation-GLM	0.261	0.239	0.231	0.221	0.285	0.261	0.253	0.242	0.319	0.292	0.283	0.271	0.382	0.351	0.339	0.325
	available cases-GLM	0.260	0.238	0.230	0.220	0.285	0.260	0.252	0.241	0.319	0.292	0.283	0.271	0.382	0.350	0.339	0.325
	intent to treat-GEE	0.249	0.231	0.227	0.225	0.272	0.252	0.247	0.243	0.304	0.281	0.275	0.269	0.359	0.333	0.325	0.315
SD	Imputation-GEE	0.315	0.297	0.290	0.282	0.345	0.324	0.317	0.310	0.384	0.362	0.355	0.347	0.461	0.435	0.426	0.417
	available cases-GEE	0.316	0.297	0.291	0.284	0.346	0.325	0.319	0.311	0.386	0.364	0.357	0.349	0.463	0.437	0.428	0.419
	Imputation-GLM	0.230	0.211	0.203	0.192	0.243	0.222	0.215	0.203	0.262	0.240	0.232	0.219	0.297	0.272	0.263	0.248
	available cases-GLM	0.243	0.221	0.213	0.201	0.257	0.234	0.225	0.212	0.277	0.253	0.244	0.230	0.315	0.288	0.277	0.262
	intent to treat-GEE	0.260	0.238	0.230	0.220	0.285	0.260	0.252	0.241	0.319	0.292	0.283	0.271	0.382	0.350	0.339	0.325
RSE	Imputation-GEE	1.023	1.026	1.027	1.028	1.017	1.022	1.024	1.023	1.017	1.022	1.024	1.021	0.997	1.005	1.010	1.008
	available cases-GEE	1.027	1.029	1.031	1.031	1.021	1.026	1.027	1.025	1.020	1.026	1.027	1.025	1.001	1.009	1.014	1.011
	Imputation-GLM	0.884	0.883	0.881	0.872	0.852	0.851	0.849	0.839	0.823	0.820	0.818	0.807	0.778	0.775	0.775	0.763
	available cases-GLM	0.933	0.930	0.926	0.913	0.900	0.898	0.893	0.880	0.871	0.866	0.863	0.849	0.825	0.821	0.819	0.806
	intent to treat-GEE	0.959	0.971	0.986	1.021	0.954	0.966	0.977	1.005	0.954	0.964	0.974	0.994	0.940	0.950	0.959	0.971
CP(%)	Imputation-GEE	94.6	95.0	95.1	94.8	94.5	94.8	95.0	94.5	94.3	94.4	94.5	94.6	93.3	94.0	93.9	93.9
	available cases-GEE	94.5	95.0	94.9	94.7	94.5	94.6	95.0	94.6	94.2	94.5	94.5	94.7	93.5	94.0	94.0	93.9
	Imputation-GLM	92.7	92.8	92.7	92.5	91.5	91.6	91.4	91.1	89.8	89.9	90.0	89.4	87.9	88.1	87.9	87.5
	available cases-GLM	94.1	94.1	94.0	93.8	93.0	93.0	93.0	92.7	91.8	91.9	91.8	91.2	89.9	90.3	89.9	89.3
	intent to treat-GEE	94.0	94.6	95.1	95.7	94.0	94.5	94.7	95.3	94.1	94.4	94.5	95.1	93.8	94.1	94.3	94.6

Bias=mean estimate — true value, Relative bias= bias/true value, ASE=average of estimated standard errors, SD=standard deviation of the estimates, RSE = ASE/SD, CP=95% coverage probability, ρ = intracluster correlation coefficient, β = log RR of interest, RR=risk ratio, OR=odds ratio.