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. 2022 Aug 23;44(9):3792–3808. doi: 10.3390/cimb44090260

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Pathomechanisms impeding the course of implantation in women with chronic endometritis (CE). Legend: ↑: increase; ↓: decrease; BAX: proapoptotic BAX protein; BCL2: anti-apoptotic BCL2 protein; CASP8: cysteine–aspartic acid protease 8; CCL4: CCL4 chemokine; CD38 and CD138: plasma cells CD38 and CD138; IL-1β: interleukin 1β; IL-6: interleukin 6; IL-11: interleukin 11; IGF1: insulin-like growth factor 1; IGFBP1: IGF-binding protein 1; NK CD56 + CD16: decidual NK cells; Th: helper T cells; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor α.