Table 3.
Patients’ characteristics.
| Case | Age | Gender | Cancer Type | ICI | irAE | Initial Steroid Treatment | Add-On Treatment | irAE Outcome | Cancer Status (at Data Revision) |
ICI Rechallenge | Follow-Up |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 47 | F | Melanoma | Ipilimumab + Nivolumab | Gastritis | Prednisone 60 mg/day (mg/kg/day) | Infliximab | Resolution | Stable disease after ICI discontinuation | No | 15 months |
| 2 | 62 | F | Melanoma | Nivolumab | Pneumonitis | Prednisone 30 mg/day (0.5 mg/kg/day) | None | Resolution | Progression of disease; best supportive care | No | 14 months |
| 3 | 49 | M | Melanoma | Pembrolizumab | Pancreatitis | Prednisone 70 mg/day (mg/kg/day) | None | Resolution | Sustained complete response | No | 13 months |
| 4 | 59 | F | NSCLC | Nivolumab | Nephritis | Prednisone 70 mg/day (mg/kg/day) | None | Resolution | Sustained complete response |
No | 17 months |
| 5 | 85 | F | Bladder | Atezolizumab | Nephritis | 250 mg/day methylprednisolone ×3 days, followed by 30 mg/day (0.5 mg/kg/day) | None | Resolution | Progression disease; best supportive care |
No | 15 months |
| 6 | 61 | M | Melanoma | Ipilimumab + Nivolumab | Pneumonitis | Prednisone 30 mg/day (0.5 mg/kg/day) | None | Resolution | Progression of disease; death | Yes | 12 months |
| 7 | 55 | F | NSCLC | Pembrolizumab | Pneumonitis | Methylprednisolone 120 mg/day (2 mg/kg/day) | None | Fatal | Death during hospital admission (ICU) | NA | NA |
| 8 | 60 | F | TNBC | Pembrolizumab | Myositis + Myocarditis |
250 mg/day methylprednisolone ×3 days, followed by prednisone 60 mg/day (mg/kg/day) | IVIG and MMF | Resolution | Progression of disease; death | No | 11 months |
| 9 | 72 | M | Melanoma | Pembrolizumab | Nephritis | Prednisone 80 mg/day (mg/kg/day) | None | Resolution | Progression of disease; death | No | 1 month |
| 10 | 77 | F | NSCLC | Pembrolizumab | Skin toxicity | Prednisone 30 mg/day (0.5 mg/kg/day) | None | Resolution | Progression of disease; death | No | 3 months |
| 11 | 71 | M | RCC | Ipilimumab + Nivolumab | Aseptic meningitis |
None * | None * | Resolution | Progression of disease; considering ICI rechallenge | No | 14 months |
| 12 | 55 | F | Melanoma | Nivolumab | Colitis | Prednisone 50 mg/day (0.5 mg/kg/day) | None | Resolution | Progression of disease; death | No | 8 months |
| 13 | 66 | F | NSLCL | Pembrolizumab | Myositis + Myocarditis |
250 mg/day methylprednisolone ×3 days, followed by prednisone 60 mg/day (mg/kg/day) | IVIG and AZA | Resolution | Progression of disease; death nonrelated to cancer |
No | 6 months |
| 14 | 79 | F | Melanoma | Pembrolizumab | Colitis | Prednisone 60 mg/day (mg/kg/day) | None | Resolution | Progression of disease; death | No | 6 months |
| 15 | 58 | F | Melanoma | Ipilimumab | Hepatitis | Prednisone 40 mg/day (0.5 mg/kg/day) | None | Resolution | Progression of disease; alternative treatment |
Yes | 9 months |
| 16 | 68 | F | Colorectal | Pembrolizumab | Colitis + Hypophysitis |
Substitutive hormonal treatment; no corticosteroids | None | Resolution | Stable disease; alternative treatment ongoing | Yes ** | 10 months |
| 17 | 79 | M | Melanoma | Nivolumab | Myositis + Myocarditis |
250 mg/day methylprednisolone ×3 days, 1 g/day methylprednisolone ×3 days, followed by prednisone 70 mg/day (mg/kg/day) | IVIG and TCZ | Fatal | Progression of disease; death related to irAE | No | 6 months |
| 18 | 72 | M | NSCLC | Pembrolizumab | Arthritis | Prednisone 30 mg/day (0.5 mg/day) | None | Resolution | Progression of disease; death | No | 1 month |
| 19 | 62 | M | Melanoma | Ipilimumab + Nivolumab | Hepatitis + Hypophysitis + Thyroiditis |
Substitutive hormonal treatment: prednisone 60 mg/day mg/kg, needing for 1 g/day methylprednisolone ×3 days followed by 2 mg/kg/day increase during follow-up | MMF, TCZ, PE, and IVIG | Refractory | Stable disease after ICI discontinuation | No | 7 months |
| 20 | 68 | F | Melanoma | Nivolumab | Myositis + Myocarditis |
Methylprednisolone 1 g/day ×3 days followed by 90 mg/day (1 mg/kg/day) | None | Resolution | Partial response after ICI discontinuation | No | 6 months |
| 21 | 73 | M | NSCLC | Pembrolizumab | Colitis | Prednisone 60 mg/day (mg/kg/day) | Infliximab | Relapsing | Progression of disease; death | No | 9 months |
| 22 | 67 | F | Melanoma | Ipilimumab + Nivolumab | Colitis | Colectomy due to intestinal perforation; methylprednisolone 60 mg/24 h (1 mg/kg/day) | None | Resolution | Progression of disease; alternative treatment |
No | 6 months |
| 23 | 68 | F | Bladder | Atezolizumab | Pneumonitis | Methylprednisolone 250 mg/day ×3 days followed by methylprednisolone 60 mg/24 h (1 mg/kg/day), needing new increase to methylprednisolone 250 mg/day | Infliximab | Fatal | Death during hospital admission | NA | NA |
ICI: immune checkpoint inhibitor; irAE: immune-related adverse event; NSCLC: non-small cell lung cancer; ICU: intensive care unit; TNBC: triple-negative breast cancer; IVIG: intravenous immunoglobulin; MMF: mycophenolate mofetil; RCC: renal cell carcinoma; AZA: azathioprine; TCZ: tocilizumab; PE: plasma exchange; * Patient’s preference and spontaneous improvement; ** Suspension after nephritis related to ICI that did not need hospital admission.