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. 2022 Sep 16;12(9):2235. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics12092235

Figure 6.

Figure 6

Internal vs. external validation. Internal validation uses one dataset and splits it into training and validation, the ML model is then trained and validated on the same dataset resulting in higher risk of overfitting. External validation uses one dataset for training and a meaningfully different dataset for validation. When (geographically) different datasets are used, the risk of overfitting can be significantly reduced.