Table 2.

Studies assessing potential main prevention agents in IBD patients.

Drugs	Study Design	Area	Study Population	Primary Outcome	OR/RR/HR	95% CI	p Value	Effect	Ref.
5-ASA	Case–control study	French	IBD	CRC	0.59	0.37–0.94	0.026	Protective	[156]
	Case–control study	Finland	IBD	CRC	0.17	0.03–1.01	0.051	Protective	[157]
	Case–control study	UK	UC	CRC	0.60	0.38–0.96	-	Protective	[158]
	Cohort study	China	IBD	CRC	1.22	0.60–2.48	0.593	No effect	[162]
	Case–control study	-	IBD	CRN	0.27	0.08–0.88	-	Protective	[160]
	Case–control study	Asian	UC	CRC	0.25	0.06–1.02	0.037	Protective	[159]
	Meta-analysis	-	IBD	CRN	0.57	0.45–0.71	-	Protective	[161]
Thiopurine	Cohort study	Spanish	UC	CRN	0.21	0.06–0.74	0.015	Protective	[167]
	Case–control study	French	IBD	CRC	0.76	0.43–1.34	0.347	No effect	[156]
	Case–control study	Netherlands	IBD	CRC	0.30	0.16–0.56	<0.001	Protective	[178]
	Case–control study	-	IBD	CRN	0.18	0.05–0.70	-	Protective	[160]
	Case–control study	USA	UC	CRN	1.06	0.59–1.93		No effect	[166]
	Case–control study	Finland	IBD	CRC	0.09	0.02–0.33	0.0003	Protective	[157]
	Meta-analysis	-	UC	CRN	0.67	0.45–0.98	0.006	Protective	[168]
	Meta-analysis	-	IBD	CRN	0.71	0.54–0.94	0.017	Protective	[184]
Ursodeoxycholic acid	Cohort study	USA	UC	CRC	0.59	0.26–1.36	-	No effect	[185]
	Case–control study	USA	UC	CRC	0.26	0.06–0.92	0.034	Protective	[173]
	Meta-analysis	-	IBD	aCRN	0.35	0.17–0.73	-	Protective	[172]
Anti-TNFα agents	Cohort study	USA	UC	CRC	0.78	0.73–0.83	<0.0001	Protective	[14]
	Case–control study	Netherlands	IBD	CRC	0.09	0.01–0.68	<0.02	Protective	[178]
	Cohort study	French	UC	CRC	0.41	0.20–0.86	-	Protective	[179]

CRC: colorectal cancer, CRN: colorectal neoplasia, aCRN: advanced colorectal neoplasia.