Table 1.
Comparison of selected AMS checklist results pre- and post-AMS intervention that formed part of the CwPAMS projects. The numbers indicate the total number of sites that agreed with the item in question. Percentages (out of 14 sites) are provided alongside the numbers. The final column shows post-intervention improvement through the percentage increase.
| Pre-AMS Intervention N = 14 |
Post-AMS Intervention N = 14 |
Percentage Difference | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Has your hospital management formally identified AMS as a priority objective for the institution and included it in its key performance indicators? | 2 | 14% | 10 | 71% | +57% |
| Is there dedicated, sustainable and sufficient budgeted financial support for AMS activities (e.g., support for salary, training, or IT (information technology) support)? | 1 | 7% | 3 | 21% | +14% |
| Does your hospital have a formal organisational multidisciplinary structure responsible for AMS? | 3 | 21% | 14 | 100% | +79% |
| Does your hospital have a dedicated committee focussed on antimicrobial use? | 2 | 14% | 8 | 57% | +43% |
| Is there a healthcare professional identified as a leader for AMS activities at your hospital and responsible for implementing the programme? | 4 | 29% | 12 | 86% | +57% |
| Is a multidisciplinary AMS team available at your hospital (e.g., greater than one trained staff member supporting clinical decisions to ensure appropriate antimicrobial use) to implement your stewardship strategy? | 1 | 7% | 10 | 71% | +64% |
| Are clinicians, nurses or pharmacists, other than those part of the AMS team (e.g., from the ICU, Internal Medicine and Surgery) involved in the AMS committee? | 1 | 7% | 9 | 64% | +57% |
| Do you have access to laboratory/imaging services to be able to support the diagnosis of the most common infections at your hospital? | 8 | 57% | 9 | 64% | +7% |
| Are the results available in a timely manner to be able to support diagnosis of most common infections? | 3 | 21% | 6 | 43% | +22% |
| In your hospital are there, or do you have access to healthcare professionals in infection management and stewardship willing to constitute an antimicrobial stewardship team? | 9 | 64% | 12 | 86% | +22% |
| Does your hospital offer access to educational resources to support staff training on how to optimise antimicrobial prescribing? | 2 | 14% | 6 | 43% | +29% |
| Does your hospital monitor the quantity of antimicrobials prescribed/dispensed/purchased at the unit and/or hospital wide level? | 5 | 36% | 9 | 64% | +28% |
| Does your stewardship programme monitor compliance with one or more of the specific interventions put in place by the stewardship team (e.g., indication captured in the medical record for all antimicrobial prescriptions, or antibiotic prescribed follows hospital guidelines)? | 1 | 7% | 7 | 50% | +43% |
| Has your hospital conducted a point prevalence survey (PPS) for antimicrobial use in the last year? | 1 | 7% | 11 | 79% | +72% |
| Are hospital-specific reports on the quantity of antimicrobials prescribed/dispensed/purchased shared with/fed back to prescribers? | 3 | 21% | 7 | 50% | +29% |
| Does your stewardship programme share facility-specific reports on antibiotic susceptibility rates with prescribers? | 3 | 21% | 5 | 36% | +15% |
| Are results of audits/reviews of the quality/appropriateness of antimicrobial use communicated directly with prescribers? | 1 | 7% | 7 | 50% | +43% |
| Does your hospital have available and up-to-date recommendations for infection management (diagnosis, prevention and treatment)? | 7 | 50% | 10 | 71% | +21% |
| Do you have any published AMS protocols e.g., restricted antimicrobial list, IV to oral policy (that have been ratified for use within your organisation)? | 0 | 0% | 5 | 36% | +36% |
| Do you have any published Infection Prevention and Control protocols e.g., hand hygiene, WASH (that have been ratified for use in your health institution)? | 7 | 50% | 12 | 86% | +36% |
| Are there regular infection and antimicrobial prescribing focused ward rounds in specific departments in your hospital? | 0 | 0% | 3 | 21% | +21% |
| Does the organisation have local/hospital specific antimicrobial prescribing guidelines? This may be included as part of a wider drug formulary. | 3 | 21% | 7 | 50% | +29% |