(A) Distribution of CRY/PL subfamilies within Chordata. Cephalochordata and Tunicata are shown with gray lines, while animals belonging to the subphylum Craniata are labeled with dark red lines. The prevalence of a CRY/PL subfamily within a taxon is given as a percentage. For clarity, only percentages above 10% are given. The total number of animals studied in each taxon is given in parentheses next to its name. Nearly all animals studied, with only a few exceptions, have an MCRY duplication leading to MCRY1 (light red) and MCRY2 (dark red). (B) Characteristic motifs of MCRY1, MCRY2 and the standard MCRYs (MCRY st) found in non-chordates. Type-specific motifs are shown in color. The motifs mnc, I, II, and 4a are novel motifs. All other motifs are explained in Figure 3.