Table 2.

Characteristics of hydrogel polymer systems used for cancer therapy.

Application	Hydrogel Polymer System	Payload	Ultrasound Parameters	Reference
Breast Cancer Treatment	Alginate Hydrogel	Mitoxantrone	HIFU 9.6 mW/cm2 5 min pulses/h, /2 h, or /24 h	[135]
Melanoma and Breast Cancer	PEG Hydrogel	AZO-Mechanophores for MDT	HIFU 550 kHz 115 W/cm2, 1.9 MPa 10 s on and 20 s off	[134]
Tumor Systems	Nanocomposite Hydrogel	Nanovaccines (ORP nanoparticles)	HIFU 40 kHz 6 W/cm2, 50% duty cycle	[108]
Cancer Therapy	Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel	Doxorubicin loaded gold nanoparticles	HIFU 10, 20, 30, or 50 W 30 or 60 min 1.5 MHz 50% Duty cycle 1 Hz pulse frequency	[104]
Melanoma	Alginate Hydrogel	Mitoxantrone	HIFU 20% or 40% amplitude 1 or 5 min	[103]
Breast Cancer	Polylysine Nanogel	Epirubicin aided by ICAM-1	HIFU 15 or 30 min 10 W	[136]
Tumor Systems	Chitosan Hydrogel	Piezoelectric Tetragonal BaTiO3	HIFU 1 MHz, 1 W/cm2 50% duty cycle 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 10 min	[109]
Tumor Systems	Silk Fibroin Hydrogel	Vincristine	HIFU 1, 2, or 3 W 14.3, 28.5, or 42.8 W/cm2 20 s or 1 min	[137]