Table 3. Associations of scales of depression, anxiety and stress with students’ demographic variables, their medical studies and health status during the coronavirus pandemic–results of bivariate logistic regressions.
| Variables | Bivariate logistic regression (Severe versus moderate) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Depression Scale | Anxiety Scale | Stress Scale | ||||
| OR (95%CI) | P-value | OR (95%CI) | P-value | OR (95%CI) | P-value | |
| Gender | ||||||
| Male | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Female | 1.19 (0.78–1.82) | 0.418 | 1.89 (1.01–3.54) | 0.046 | 2.39 (1.35–4.24) | 0.003 |
| Age | ||||||
| ≤20 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| 21–30 | 0.53 (0.35–0.79) | 0.002 | 0.33 (0.15–0.74) | 0.007 | 0.62 (0.33–1.16) | 0.135 |
| 31+ | 0.26 (0.07–1.02) | 0.054 | 0.34 (0.04–3.06) | 0.333 | 0.18 (0.04–0.78) | 0.022 |
| Year of studies | ||||||
| First | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Second | 0.64 (0.33–1.22) | 0.175 | 0.16 (0.03–0.78) | 0.023 | 0.33 (0.11–0.99) | 0.049 |
| Third | 0.65 (0.34–1.23) | 0.189 | 0.13 (0.03–0.60) | 0.009 | 0.34 (0.12–1.04) | 0.058 |
| Fourth | 0.66 (0.34–1.28) | 0.219 | 0.30 (0.06–1.62) | 0.164 | 0.63 (0.19–2.15) | 0.464 |
| Fifth | 0.30 (0.16–0.57) | <0.001 | 0.10 (0.02–0.45) | 0.003 | 0.04 (0.10–0.96) | 0.043 |
| Sixth | 0.35 (0.19–0.61) | <0.001 | 0.20 (0.04–0.90) | 0.036 | 0.01 (0.09–0.71) | 0.009 |
| Marital status | ||||||
| Single | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Married/Living with a partner | 0.86 (0.57–1.30) | 0.490 | 1.19 (0.58–2.44) | 0.640 | 1.58 (0.78–3.19) | 0.208 |
| Religious | ||||||
| Yes | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| No | 1.52 (1.05–2.19) | 0.024 | 1.04 (0.58–1.88) | 0.890 | 1.29 (0.74–2.25) | 0.378 |
| Settlement type | ||||||
| Urban | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Rural | 1.08 (0.66–1.78) | 0.749 | 1.32 (0.55–3.19) | 0.538 | 0.55 (0.29–1.05) | 0.069 |
| Cohabitation during the studies | ||||||
| Alone | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| With family/room mate | 1.24 (0.82–1.89) | 0.311 | 1.64 (0.87–3.10) | 0.125 | 2.43 (1.38–4.27) | 0.002 |
| Location during the state of emergency | ||||||
| In Belgrade | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Not in Belgrade/Serbia | 1.07 (0.75–1.52) | 0.686 | 0.95 (0.53–1.68) | 0.847 | 0.85 (0.49–1.45) | 0.538 |
| Online classes | ||||||
| Few | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Moderate | 1.24 (0.82–1.80) | 0.332 | 1.64 (0.84–3.19) | 0.146 | 1.19 (0.66–2.18) | 0.564 |
| Plenty | 0.92 (0.59–1.45) | 0.726 | 0.99 (0.49.2.00) | 0.983 | 0.93 (0.48–1.83) | 0.842 |
| Problems with online learning platform | ||||||
| Yes | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| No | 0.58 (0.40–0.86) | 0.006 | 0.52 (0.26–1.03) | 0.061 | 0.60 (0.33–1.11) | 0.103 |
| Coronavirus infection | ||||||
| Yes | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| No/not sure | 1.12 (0.76–1.66) | 0.552 | 1.05 (0.55–2.00) | 0.875 | 0.95 (0.52–1.73) | 0.862 |
| General health | ||||||
| Poor | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Average | / | 0.999 | / | 0.999 | / | 0.999 |
| Good | / | 0.998 | / | 0.999 | / | 0.999 |
| Physical health | ||||||
| Poor | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Average | 0.43 (0.12–1.52) | 0.191 | 1.36 (0.27–6.84) | 0.711 | / | 0.998 |
| Good | 0.13 (0.04–0.42) | 0.001 | 0.49 (0.11–2.20) | 0.335 | / | 0.998 |
| Mental health | ||||||
| Poor | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Average | 0.06 (0.01–0.45) | 0.006 | / | 0.997 | / | 0.996 |
| Good | 0.01 (0.01–0.06) | <0.001 | / | 0.996 | / | 0.996 |