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IL-7 and IL-7R have both pro- and anti-tumor functions. IL-7 plays anti-tumor roles by regulating immune cells to release cytokines such as IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-1α and TNF-α. In contrast, IL-7 can promote the proliferation and survival of tumor cells by binding to the IL-7R to active JAK/STAT5, the PI3K/AKT and Ras/ERK signaling pathways to regulate gene expression levels of Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, CyclinA, CyclinD2, and p27kip.
