Fig. 3.

Panel (A) shows the predicted annual average lifetimes of water-soluble BrC in the atmosphere as a function of altitude and latitude. The dashed blue line represents 1-d whitening of BrC. Panel (B) shows the global mean all-sky top-of-atmosphere BrC DRE in 2018 for the schemes with no-whitening, 1-d whitening, and 1-d whitening only below 1 km. The third scheme is new to this study; the first two schemes are described in Carter et al. (40). Panel (C) shows the simulated mean 2018 BrC mass concentrations by altitude for the northern hemisphere (30–90°N), the tropics (30°N–30°S), and the southern hemisphere (30–90°S) for the three schemes in panel (B). BrC mass concentrations are reported at standard conditions of temperature and pressure (STP: 273 K, 1 atm).