Fig. 1. Paternal Nnat deletion triggers a bi-stable epigenetic overgrowth in mice.
a, Body composition shown for 16-week-old F1 male progeny from Nnat+/-p × FVBN/J crosses. Contour plots highlighted main clusters identified by Gaussian finite mixture modeling. b, Representative picture presented for Nnat+/p isogenic morphs and WT littermates. c, Organ masses were measured from Nnat+/p colony. Each group had at least eight animals. *Adjusted P ≤ 0.05, as assessed by one-sided Tukey’s multiple comparisons test, comparing Nnat+/p-Heavy and Nnat+/p-Light littermates. Specifically, gonadal white adipose tissue (gWAT) P < 0.0001, subcutaneous white adipose tissue (sWAT) P < 0.0001, spleen P < 0.0001, pancreas P = 0.0019, kidney P = 0.0011, liver P < 0.0001 and heart P < 0.0297. Data are presented as mean ± s.e.m. BAT, brown adipose tissue. d, The lumbar spine (L1–L5) length was measured for the Nnat+/p colony. Each group had at least five animals. In all box-plots, the lower and upper hinges represent 25th and 75th percentiles. The upper/lower whiskers represent largest/smallest observation less/greater than upper/lower hinge+1.5 × interquartile range (IQR). Central median represents 50% quantile. *Adjusted P = 0.015) as assessed by one-sided Tukey’s multiple comparisons test. e, Body composition (fat and lean mass) was measured via EchoMRI for each F1 male progeny at 4, 6, 8, 12 and 16 weeks from B6.Nnat+/-p × FVB.Trim28D9/+ crosses. Developmental trajectories according to the phenotypic groups were plotted from 4 to 16 weeks. Each trajectory had at least four animals. Data are presented as mean ± s.e.m. *P ≤ 0.05 by Student’s t-test.