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. 2022 Sep 9;9:966183. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2022.966183

Table 4.

Details regarding extradural catheter placement, number of postoperative administrations, volume and concentration of the L-bupivacaine used in a cohort of dogs undergoing cholecystectomy.

Tuohy needle Catheter advancement First 24 PO h 24-48 PO h
L-Bupivacaine administration L-Bupivacaine administration
N of dogs Entrance point Tip of the needle level Administrations (n) Volume (ml/kg/dose) % solution Administrations (n) Volume (ml/kg/dose) % solution
1 T13-L1 T10-T11 4 0.12 0.17 2 0.12 0.17
1 L2-L3 T13-L1 5 0.32 0.25 2 0.32 0.17
1 L6-L7 L2-L3 2 0.32 0.14 0
3 L6-L7 T13-L1 4 0.2 0.125 1 0.2 0.125
5 0.13 0.125 5 0.18 0.125
2 0.25 0.25 1 0.25 0.25
10 L7-S1 T13-L1 4 0.2 0.125 0
5 0.24 0.13 0
4 0.21 0.125 0
4 0.31 0.15 4 0.31 0.15
4 0.13 0.2 3 0.13 0.2
4 0.16 0.25 N/A
1 0.1 0.125 N/A
5 0.27 0.15 5 0.27 0.15
2 0.21 0.25 0
5 0.2 0.15 4 0.25 0.14
2 L7-S1 L1-L2 4 0.14 0.13 0
6 0.54 0.25 4 0.54 0.25
1 L7-S1 L2-L3 5 0.19 0.17 6 0.19 0.17
2 L7-S1 L3-L4 3 0.15 0.17 1 0.15 0.17
4 0.26 0.2 4 0.26 0.2

PO, postoperative; n, number; T, thoracic; L, lumbar; S, sacral; h, hours; N/A, not available as the dog was excluded from analysis because it was either euthanised or the extradural catheter was removed.