Table 2.
Participant characteristic and dietary intake according to FLI quartile.
| Total FLI, quartiles | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quartile 1 (n = 1,885) | Quartile 2 (n = 1,884) | Quartile 3 (n = 1886) | Quartile 4 (n = 1885) | P -value | |
| FLI | 6.395 ± 2.852 | 19.195 ± 4.799 | 40.314 ± 7.263 | 72.569 ± 12.454 | <0.001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 19.999 ± 2.211 | 23.630 ± 2.135 | 26.435 ± 2.225 | 31.042 ± 3.783 | <0.001 |
| Age | 47.49 ± 9.469 | 48.94 ± 9.948 | 49.16 ± 9.812 | 49.65 ± 9.147 | <0.001 |
| Smoking status, % | 779 (41.4%) | 490 (26.0%) | 407 (21.6%) | 309 (16.4%) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes, % | 81 (4.3%) | 173 (9.2%) | 237 (12.6%) | 339 (18.0%) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension, % | 147 (7.8%) | 301 (16.0%) | 410 (21.7%) | 651 (34.5%) | <0.001 |
| Hypercholesterolemia, % | 153 (8.1%) | 249 (13.2%) | 327 (17.3%) | 455 (24.1%) | <0.001 |
| physical activity (Met-h/day) | 44.523 ± 12.922 | 42.266 ± 11.873 | 40.320 ± 9.875 | 38.407 ± 8.059 | <0.001 |
| Energy, kcal | 2,949.230 ± 1,159.784 | 2,976.097 ± 1,114.890 | 2,886.361 ± 1,121.060 | 2,909.666 ± 1,145.891 | 0.071 |
| Protein, g | 94.558 ± 40.842 | 92.953 ± 37.827 | 92.357 ± 38.295 | 92.013 ± 38.633 | 0.191 |
| Carbohydrate, g | 501.27 ± 204.83 | 490.19 ± 197.97 | 491.97 ± 206.10 | 470.85 ± 188.48 | <0.001 |
| Fruit, g/d | 353.096 ± 316.174 | 379.641 ± 302.302 | 399.193 ± 318.931 | 423.674 ± 335.956 | <0.001 |
| Vegetables, g/d | 597.414 ± 338.962 | 636.174 ± 331.090 | 664.631 ± 350.200 | 717.518 ± 403.156 | <0.001 |
| Grains, g/d | 372.769 ± 204.430 | 381.838 ± 212.351 | 379.374 ± 211.520 | 382.936 ± 211.981 | 0.447 |
| Meats and beans g/d | 150.558 ± 91.025 | 145.492 ± 83.309 | 140.905 ± 80.312 | 140.087 ± 83.842 | <0.001 |
| Dairy, g/d | 201.501 ± 181.891 | 200.343 ± 162.967 | 209.012 ± 177.231 | 223.612 ± 184.515 | <0.001 |
| Milk, g/d | 41.894 ± 64.497 | 41.918 ± 63.989 | 42.078 ± 79.580 | 41.478 ± 69.028 | 0.994 |
| Cheese, g/d | 18.448 ± 19.933 | 16.865 ± 16.244 | 17.243 ± 17.721 | 19.509 ± 21.458 | <0.001 |
| Yogurt, g/d | 88.754 ± 92.848 | 89.789 ± 87.997 | 95.806 ± 94.337 | 103.108 ± 100.118 | <0.001 |
| Calcium, mg | 1,417.222 ± 712.958 | 1,393.980 ± 657.089 | 1,400.386 ± 671.894 | 1,398.778 ± 663.375 | 0.737 |
| Riboflavin, mg | 2.453 ± 1.075 | 2.399 ± 1.002 | 2.378 ± 0.992 | 2.393 ± 1.005 | 0.120 |
| Vitamin D, IUs | 1.435 ± 1.178 | 1.412 ± 1.030 | 1.348 ± 1.016 | 1.345 ± 0.975 | 0.014 |
| Vitamin E, mg | 8.388 ± 4.124 | 8.533 ± 4.096 | 8.299 ± 3.781 | 8.484 ± 4.019 | 0.282 |
| Selenium | 152.895 ± 77.523 | 147.591 ± 73.298 | 144.941 ± 73.542 | 142.119 ± 72.438 | <0.001 |
FLI; fatty liver index; BMI, body mass index.
Data are mean ± standard deviation or as n (%), The data analyzed using Student's t-test or chi-square test.