Figure 5.

Effects of B. coagulans SNZ 1969 on mRNA expression of MUC2 (A) and AQP8 (B) in the transverse colon of loperamide-induced constipation rats. NOR: Normal group; LOP: Loperamide treated group; BIS: Loperamide and Bisacodyl 8 mg/kg treated group; SNZ-L: Loperamide and B. coagulans SNZ 1969 at 1 × 10⁸ CFU/day treated group; SNZ-H: Loperamide and B. coagulans SNZ 1969 at 1 × 10¹⁰ CFU/day treated group. Total mRNA was isolated by Tri-reagent and used for cDNA synthesis and real-time PCR. The GAPDH level was used for comparison as a loading control. The results were analyzed by the ∆∆CT method, and statistical treatment was performed by repeating three times independently. The results are presented as mean ± SE (n = 8). Means with different letters above a bar are significantly different at p < 0.05 by Duncan’s multiple range test.