| Mb-ME | Malus baccata methanol extract |
| AP-1 | Activator protein 1 |
| NF-κB | Nuclear factor-κB |
| ROS | Reactive oxygen species |
| MMP | Matrix metalloproteinases |
| RT-PCR | Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction |
| IL | Interleukin |
| HA | Hyaluronan or hyaluronic acid |
| HYAL | Hyaluronidases |
| COX2 | Cyclooxygenase |
| MAPK | Mitogen-activated protein kinases |
| α-MSH | α-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone |
| ECM | Extracellular matrix |
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