Characterization of biomineralized manganese oxide nanoparticles (Bio-MnO2 NPs). (a) Fabrication of Bio-MnO2 NPs via MnxEFG mediated biomineralization. (b) dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurement of size of Bio-MnO2 NPs. (c) transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of NPs formed by biomineralization of MnxEFG. (d) X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns for Bio-MnO2 NPs prepared via MnxEFG catalysis. (e) FT-IR spectra of Bio-MnO2 and Chem-MnO2. (f) Reaction between GSH (0, 0.02, 0.2, 2 mM) and Bio-MnO2 NPs. (g) O2 generation at various H2O2 concentrations (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1 mM) with Bio-MnO2 NPs (25 μg/mL). (h) O2 generation in different concentrations of Bio-MnO2 NPs (0, 25, 50, 100 μg/mL) and Chem-MnO2 (25 μg/mL) with H2O2 solution (2 mM).