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. 2022 Sep 10;12(18):3138. doi: 10.3390/nano12183138

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Bio-MnO₂ NPs plus radiation enhanced the activation of cGAS/STING signaling pathway. (a) The mRNA levels of C-C motif chemokine ligand (CCL) 5, CXC motif chemokine ligand (CXCL) 10 and interferon β (IFN-β) after different treatments in A549 and PC9 cells. (b) The secretion of CCL5, CXCL10 and IFN-β detected by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) after different treatments in A549 and PC9 cells. (c) Immunoblotting of the classical cGAS/STING pathway proteins in A549 and PC9 cells. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001.