Table 6.

Appreciation of the learning pathway

		n = 19
Satisfaction with training pathway, median (IQR)	7 (7–9)
As an ESD trainee, before clinical ESD practice
Courses with ex vivo animal models
Usefulness, median (IQR)	7 (5–10)
Consideration as a prerequisite, n (%)	12 (63)
Courses with live animal models
Usefulness, median (IQR)	10 (9–10)
Consideration as a prerequisite, n (%)	17 (89)
Most valuable individual learning methods
Courses with live animal models	18 (32)
Human ESD under supervision	12 (21)
Observing human ESDs performed by experts	11 (19)
ESD meetings, symposiums, conferences, and live demonstrations	7 (12)
Courses with ex vivo animal models	5 (9)
“ESD theory literature”	4 (7)
Methods lacking for better ESD training
Centers for observing/assisting human ESDs performed by experts	15 (39)
ESD courses with live animals models	13 (34)
ESD meetings, symposiums, conferences, or live demonstrations	4 (11)
ESD courses with ex vivo animal models	3 (8)
“ESD theory literature”	3 (8)