Commentary Figure 4.
Deaths for selected regions that could be attributed to population-weighted PM2.5 mass exposure from coal, liquid oil and natural gas, biofuel, and remaining emissions, which could not be cleanly allocated to one of the above fuels (e.g., fugitive emissions, windblown dust, or industry sources that use multiple fuels). Fossil fuel combustion contributions are the sum of coal, liquid oil, and natural gas. (Source: Data from McDuffie et al., 2021, reproduced in the Investigators’ Report, Additional Materials 2, Supplementary Data File 2.)