Figure 5.

Phenome-wide association studies (pheWASs) of each network PES or PRS related to serum or urine biochemical measures and mental health disorders

Heatmap of the association between each network PES and PRS with each trait tested for the biochemical measures (top) and self-reported mental health disorders (bottom). Traits ordering derived from clustering by Pearson’s distance. The variable visualized in the heatmaps for the continuous biochemical traits was the regression t value (beta/SE), while for the binary mental health phenotypes it was the corresponding Z value from the logistic regression, whereby Z > 0 equates to an odds ratio for the disorder >0. Asterisks were utilized to denote the significance of the association: ^∗p < 0.05, ^∗∗false discovery rate (FDR) > 0.05, and ^∗∗∗family-wise error rate (FWER) < 0.05.