Table 1.
Chemical characterisation of the tested extracts.
| Peak | Compound | Hexane | Ethyl Acetate | Dichloromethane | Ethanol | Ethanol/Water | Water | NADES-A | NADES-B | NADES-C |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Hydroxy-pseudouric acid | + | + | + | ND | + | + | ND | + | ND |
| 2 | Galloyl-galactarolactone | + | + | ND | ND | + | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 3 | Unknown 1 | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + |
| 4 | Unknown 2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | + | ND |
| 5 | Proline | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | + | ND | + |
| 6 | Disaccharide | + | + | ND | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 7 | Unknown 3 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | + |
| 8 | Glucose | ND | ND | ND | + | + | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 9 | Unknown 4 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | + |
| 10 | Quinic acid | ND | + | ND | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 11 | Galloyl-diglucose | ND | ND | ND | + | + | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 12 | Galloylglucose isomer 1 | + | + | ND | + | + | + | ND | + | ND |
| 13 | Galloylglucose isomer 2 | + | + | ND | + | + | + | ND | + | ND |
| 14 | Galloylglucose isomer 3 | + | + | ND | + | + | + | ND | + | ND |
| 15 | Pyrogallol | ND | + | ND | + | + | + | + | + | + |
| 16 | Gallic acid | ND | + | ND | + | + | + | + | + | + |
| 17 | Galloylglucose isomer 4 | ND | + | ND | + | + | + | ND | + | ND |
| 18 | Fukiic acid | ND | + | ND | ND | ND | + | ND | + | ND |
| 19 | Digalloylglucose isomer 1 | ND | + | ND | + | + | + | ND | + | ND |
| 20 | Digalloylglucose isomer 2 | ND | ND | ND | + | + | + | ND | + | ND |
| 21 | Digalloylglucose isomer 3 | ND | + | ND | + | + | + | ND | + | ND |
| 22 | Digalloylglucose isomer 4 | ND | + | ND | + | + | + | ND | + | ND |
| 23 | Brevifolin carboxylic acid | ND | ND | ND | ND | + | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 24 | Digallate isomer 1 | ND | ND | ND | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 25 | Unknown 5 | + | + | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 26 | Trigalloyl-glucoside isomer 1 | ND | + | ND | + | + | + | + | ND | ND |
| 27 | HHDP-galloylglucose isomer 1 | ND | + | ND | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 28 | Galloylnorbergenin isomer 1 | + | + | ND | + | + | + | + | ND | ND |
| 29 | Brevifolin | ND | ND | ND | + | + | + | + | ND | ND |
| 30 | Galloylnorbergenin isomer 2 | ND | + | ND | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 31 | Digalloyl-HHDP-glucose isomer 1 | ND | ND | ND | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 32 | Galloylnorbergenin isomer 3 | + | + | ND | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 33 | Trigalloyl-glucoside isomer 2 | ND | + | ND | + | + | + | ND | + | ND |
| 34 | HHDP-galloylglucose isomer 2 | ND | + | ND | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 35 | Trigalloyl-glucoside isomer 3 | ND | + | ND | + | + | + | ND | + | ND |
| 36 | Digalloyl-HHDP-glucose isomer 2 | ND | + | ND | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 37 | HHDP-galloylglucose isomer 3 | ND | + | ND | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 38 | Trigalloyl-glucoside isomer 4 | ND | + | ND | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 39 | Terflavin B isomer 1 | ND | + | ND | + | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 40 | Galloyl-HHDP-glucose isomer 1 | ND | + | ND | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 41 | Tetragalloyl-glucoside isomer 1 | ND | + | ND | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 42 | Balanophotannin E isomer 1 | ND | + | ND | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 43 | Trigalloyl-HHDP-glucose isomer 1 | ND | ND | ND | ND | + | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 44 | Terflavin B isomer 2 | ND | + | ND | + | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 45 | Galloflavin | + | + | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 46 | Ellagic acid | + | + | ND | + | + | + | + | + | ND |
| 47 | Terflavin B isomer 3 | + | + | ND | + | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 48 | Trigalloyl-HHDP-glucose isomer 2 | + | + | ND | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 49 | Digalloyl-lactonised valoneoyl-d-glucose isomer 1 | + | + | ND | + | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 50 | Trigalloyl-brevifolincarboxyl-glucose isomer 1 | ND | + | ND | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 51 | Tetragalloyl-glucoside isomer 2 | + | + | ND | + | + | + | + | ND | + |
| 52 | Catechin | ND | + | ND | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 53 | Tetragalloyl-glucoside isomer 3 | + | + | ND | + | + | + | + | ND | + |
| 54 | Digallate isomer 2 | ND | + | ND | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 55 | Tetragalloyl-glucoside isomer 4 | + | + | ND | + | + | + | + | ND | ND |
| 56 | Digallate isomer 3 | ND | + | ND | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 57 | Terflavin B isomer 4 | + | + | ND | + | + | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 58 | Galloyl-HHDP-glucose isomer 2 | + | + | ND | + | + | + | + | ND | ND |
| 59 | Tetragalloyl-glucoside isomer 5 | + | + | ND | + | + | + | + | ND | ND |
| 60 | Neochebulagic acid isomer 1 | ND | + | ND | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 61 | Neochebulagic acid isomer 2 | ND | + | ND | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 62 | Isorhamnetin glucoside isomer 1 | + | + | ND | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 63 | Epicatechin | ND | + | ND | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 64 | Quercetin | ND | + | ND | ND | + | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 65 | Balanophotannin E isomer 2 | ND | + | ND | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 66 | Unknown 6 | + | + | ND | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 67 | Digalloyl-lactonised valoneoyl-d-glucose isomer 2 | ND | + | ND | + | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 68 | Trigalloyl-brevifolincarboxyl-glucose isomer 2 | + | + | ND | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 69 | Pentagalloyl-glucose isomer 1 | + | + | ND | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 70 | Neochebulagic acid isomer 3 | ND | ND | ND | ND | + | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 71 | Trigalloyl-lactonised valoneoyl glucose isomer 1 | ND | + | ND | + | + | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 72 | (Galloyl)galloyl-tetragalloylglucose isomer 1 | ND | + | ND | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 73 | Trigalloyl-brevifolincarboxyl-glucose isomer 3 | + | + | ND | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 74 | Trigalloyl-DHHDP-glucose isomer 1 | + | + | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 75 | Digalloyl-lactonised valoneoyl-d-glucose isomer 3 | + | + | ND | + | + | + | + | ND | ND |
| 76 | Castalagin | + | + | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 77 | Trigalloyl-HHDP-glucose isomer 3 | + | + | ND | + | + | + | + | ND | ND |
| 78 | Galloyl-penta-hydroxy-benzoic-brevifolincarboxyl-glucose isomer 1 | + | + | ND | + | + | + | + | ND | ND |
| 79 | Pentagalloyl-glucose isomer 2 | + | + | ND | + | + | + | + | ND | ND |
| 80 | Trisgalloyl HHDP glucose isome isomer 1 | + | + | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 81 | Amurensisin | + | + | ND | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 82 | Trigalloyl-DHHDP-glucose isomer 2 | ND | + | ND | + | ND | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 83 | Digalloyl-lactonised valoneoyl-d-glucose isomer 4 | + | + | ND | + | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 84 | Pentagalloyl-glucose isomer 3 | + | + | ND | + | + | + | + | ND | ND |
| 85 | Galloyl-penta-hydroxy-benzoic-brevifolincarboxyl-glucose isomer 2 | + | + | ND | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 86 | Trigalloyl-brevifolincarboxyl-glucose isomer 4 | + | + | ND | + | + | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 87 | Phyllanthusiin C isomer 1 | + | + | ND | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 88 | Trigalloyl-DHHDP-glucose isomer 3 | + | + | ND | ND | + | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 89 | Ethyl gallate | ND | ND | ND | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 90 | Trigalloyl-brevifolincarboxyl-glucose isomer 5 | + | + | ND | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 91 | Trisgalloyl HHDP glucose isome isomer 2 | ND | + | ND | ND | ND | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 92 | Trigalloyl-lactonised valoneoyl glucose isomer 2 | + | + | ND | + | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 93 | (Galloyl)galloyl-tetragalloylglucose isomer 2 | + | + | ND | + | + | + | + | ND | ND |
| 94 | Digalloyl-HHDP-iso DHDG-glucose isomer 1 | + | + | ND | + | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 95 | Balanophotannin E isomer 3 | ND | + | ND | + | + | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 96 | Isorhamnetin glucoside isomer 2 | ND | + | ND | + | + | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 97 | Hexagalloyl-glucose isomer 1 | + | + | ND | + | + | + | + | ND | ND |
| 98 | Trigalloyl-lactonised valoneoyl glucose isomer 3 | + | + | ND | + | + | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 99 | Ellagic acid derivative | + | + | ND | ND | ND | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 100 | (Galloyl)galloyl-tetragalloylglucose isomer 3 | + | + | ND | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 101 | (Galloyl)galloyl-tetragalloylglucose isomer 4 | + | + | ND | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 102 | Galloyl-penta-hydroxy-benzoic-brevifolincarboxyl-glucose isomer 3 | ND | + | ND | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 103 | Hexagalloyl-glucose isomer 2 | + | + | ND | + | + | + | + | ND | ND |
| 104 | Galloyl-HHDP-glucose isomer 3 | + | + | ND | + | + | + | + | ND | ND |
| 105 | Hexagalloyl-glucose isomer 3 | + | + | ND | + | + | + | + | ND | ND |
| 106 | Digalloyl-HHDP-iso DHDG-glucose isomer 2 | ND | + | ND | ND | + | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 107 | Tetragalloyl-hydroxybenzoyl-glucopyranoside isomer 1 | ND | + | ND | + | + | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 108 | Heptagalloyl hexose isomer 1 | + | + | ND | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 109 | Galloylmyricetin | + | + | ND | + | + | + | + | ND | ND |
| 110 | Heptagalloyl hexose isomer 2 | + | + | ND | + | + | + | + | ND | ND |
| 111 | Phyllanthusiin C isomer 2 | ND | + | ND | ND | + | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 112 | Digalloyl-HHDP-iso DHDG-glucose isomer 3 | ND | + | ND | ND | + | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 113 | Trigalloyl-brevifolincarboxyl-glucose isomer 6 | ND | + | ND | + | + | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 114 | Heptagalloyl hexose isomer 3 | + | + | ND | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 115 | Tetragalloyl-hydroxybenzoyl-glucopyranoside isomer 2 | + | + | ND | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 116 | Tetragalloyl-hydroxybenzoyl-glucopyranoside isomer 3 | + | + | ND | + | ND | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 117 | Unknown 7 | ND | ND | ND | + | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 118 | Trihydroxy-octadecenoic acid | ND | + | + | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 119 | Hydroxyretinoic acid | + | ND | + | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 120 | Unknown 8 | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 121 | Hexadecanedioic acid | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 122 | Hydroxyeicosatrienoic acid | + | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 123 | Valerenic acid | + | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 124 | Hydroxylinoleic acid | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 125 | Linoleic acid | ND | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 126 | Hydroxylinolenic acid | + | + | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 127 | Dodecenyl-succinic anhydride | + | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 128 | Retinoic acid | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 129 | Oleic acid | + | + | + | + | + | ND | ND | + | ND |
| 130 | Pentadecenoic acid | + | + | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 131 | Oleiyl glucoside | ND | + | + | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 132 | Linolenic acid | + | + | + | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 133 | Stearic acid | + | + | ND | + | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 134 | Unknown 9 | + | + | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 135 | Unknown 10 | + | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 136 | Eicosapentaenoic acid | + | + | + | + | ND | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 137 | Palmitoleic acid | + | + | + | ND | + | + | + | ND | + |
| 138 | Linoleic acid | + | + | + | + | + | + | ND | ND | + |
| 139 | Oxodecanedioic acid | + | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 140 | Methyl arachidonate | + | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 141 | Arjungenin | ND | ND | + | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 142 | Heptadecenoic acid | + | ND | ND | ND | + | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 143 | Unknown 11 | ND | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 144 | Unknown 12 | + | + | + | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND |
| 145 | Glycerylmonooleate | + | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 146 | Palmitic acid | + | ND | ND | + | + | + | + | + | + |
| 147 | Hydroxydocosanoic acid | + | + | + | + | + | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 148 | Dodecenylsuccinic acid | ND | + | ND | ND | + | ND | ND | ND | ND |
+: present; ND: nondetected.