Table 6.

Effects of BSFL on the antioxidants and immunity of poultry.

References	Breed	Type	Level, %	Age	Performance
[106]	Ross 308	DF	5, 10, 15	1–35 days	No difference in erythrocyte, AST, creatinine, triglycerides, cholesterol, H/L, leukocyte, and uric acid.
					Increases the activity of GPx and TAS.
[31]	Ross 308	FF	50, 100	21–48 days	No difference in GGT, H/L, ALT, AST, cholesterol, creatinine, erythrocyte, iron, leukocyte, magnesium, phosphorus, total protein, triglycerides, and uric acid.
[108]	Ross 308	FF	5	1–39 days	No difference in erythrocyte, ALT, uric acid, Albumin, AST, cholesterol, creatinine. GGT, H/L, HDL, LDL, leukocyte, total protein and triglycerides.
[109]	R71 L White	FF	3, 6, 9	3–50 days	No difference in erythrocyte, heterophils, lymphocytes, basophils, eosinophils, H/L, leukocyte, monocytes, and total protein. No difference in AST, ALT and GGT. Reduces triglycerides and cholesterol (from 30.23% to 23.86%). No difference in GPx, TAS and MG. Reduces MDA and nitrotyrosine.
[112]	Lohman Brown Classic laying hens	FF	100	21–45 weeks	Increases cholesterol, globulin and triglycerides. No difference in erythrocyte, eosinophils, basophils, H/L, heterophils, leukocyte, lymphocytes, monocytes and total protein. Reduces albumin.
[111]	Alectoris barbara	FF	25, 50	7–28 days	Reduces albumin and BUN. No difference in erythrocyte, AST, ALT, total protein and H/L.
[109]	Canedins R71 L White	DF	3, 6, 9	3–50 days	No difference in AST, ALT and GGT. No difference in GPx, TAS and MG. Reduces MDA.

ALT = alanine aminotransferase, AST = aspartate amino transferase, BUN = blood urea nitrogen, BW = body weight, DF = defatted, FF = full-fat, GGT = gamma-glutamyl transferase, GPx = glutathione peroxidase, H/ L = heterophiles to lymphocytes ratio, HDL = high-density lipoproteins, LDL = low-density lipoproteins, MDA = malondialdehyde, MG = methylglyoxal, TAS = total antioxidant status.