Table 3.

Definite and likely procedure- and patient-related factors for post-ERCP pancreatitis [1]. PD: pancreatic duct. PEP: post-ERCP pancreatitis. SOD: Sphincter of Oddi Dysfunction.

	Patient-Related	Procedure-Related
Definite risk factors	Suspicion of SOD	Difficult cannulation
	Previous PEP	>1 PD cannulation
	Previous pancreatitis	Pancreatic injection
	Female sex
Likely risk factors	Younger age	Failure to complete stone clearance
	Non-dilated biliary duct	Biliary balloon dilatation of the native papilla
	Absence of chronic pancreatitis	Precut or pancreatic sphincterotomy
	Normal serum bilirubin	Intraductal ultrasound
	End stage renal disease