Table 1.

Baseline characteristics among American Indians and Alaska Natives with type 2 diabetes participating in the Special Diabetes Program for Indians - Healthy Heart demonstration project (SDPI-HH), 2006–2009.

Characteristic	All Participants		Women		Men
	(N = 3,039)		(N = 2,005)		(N = 1,034)
	N	%	N	%	N	%
Age
18–39	354	11.6 %	236	11.8 %	118	11.4 %
40–49	667	21.9 %	421	21.0 %	246	23.8 %
50–59	1006	33.1 %	700	34.9 %	306	29.6 %
≥60	1012	33.3 %	648	32.3 %	364	35.2 %
Education
< High School	546	19.1 %	356	18.8 %	190	19.6 %
High School Graduate	725	25.3 %	443	23.4 %	282	29.1 %
Some College	1164	40.7 %	802	42.4 %	362	37.3 %
≥College Graduate	427	14.9 %	291	15.4 %	136	14.0 %
Employment Status
Employed	1399	51.8 %	942	52.8 %	457	49.8 %
Retired	499	18.5 %	308	17.3 %	191	20.8 %
Unemployed or student	803	29.7 %	533	29.9 %	270	29.4 %
Marital status
Married or living together	1459	57.3 %	899	53.2 %	560	65.3 %
Separated/divorced or widowed	721	28.3 %	566	33.5 %	155	18.1 %
Never married	367	14.4 %	225	13.3 %	142	16.6 %
Annual household income ($US)
0–14,999	761	31.1 %	533	33.2 %	228	27.2 %
15,000–29,999	690	28.2 %	467	29.1 %	223	26.6 %
30,000–49,999	601	24.6 %	389	24.2 %	212	25.3 %
≥50,000	392	16.0 %	218	13.6 %	174	20.8 %
BMI (Kg/m2)
Normal weight	117	3.9 %	75	3.7 %	42	4.1 %
Overweight	483	15.9 %	286	14.3 %	197	19.1 %
Obese	2436	80.2 %	1642	82.0 %	794	76.9 %
Smoking status
Non-smoker	1360	47.4 %	1004	53.1 %	356	36.4 %
Current or former smoker	1509	52.6 %	888	46.9 %	621	63.6 %
Site location
Urban	414	13.6 %	293	14.6 %	121	11.7 %
Rural	2625	86.4 %	1712	85.4 %	913	88.3 %
	Mean ± SD		Mean ± SD		Mean ± SD
Years of diabetes duration	4.57 ± 6.45		4.70 ± 6.53		4.33 ± 6.28
Comorbidity index a	4.25 ± 3.54		4.29 ± 3.58		4.17 ± 3.47

Abbreviations: Body mass index (BMI); Standard deviation (SD).

^aFrom self-administered comorbidity questionnaires without including diabetes.