Table 2.

Exemplar quotations from stakeholders and implications for potential interventions.

Area	Quotation	Rationale	Implication
Blood pressure screening
	“Factory workers […] who are sick with hypertension often go to receive services outside their scheduled times because they fear wasting working time and having their wages deducted. There should be an accommodation for the worker care service system to better and systematically access services at their workplaces.” (Professor of Public Health Nursing, female, 53 years)	At-risk populations such as informal laborers or factory workers, that are insufficiently reached through traditional routes, may profit from targeted interventions.	Identify strategies for at-risk populations.
Lifestyle risk factor screening
	“The alcohol screening tool is complicated [and] hard to understand. There are too many questions. For example, AUDIT is not suitable for screening in the Thai social context.” (Professor of Medicine, female, 56 years)“ Using modern and easy-to-understand tools in measuring the amount of alcohol and drinking patterns, such as adopting a program that includes illustrations.” (Researcher at International Health Policy Program Office, female, 40 years)	Effective screening may improve the targeting of alcohol use as a risk factor for hypertension.	Implement standardized, easy to use assessment tools that are adapted to the Thai context.
	“There are many patients waiting and not enough time to discuss it.” (Patient, male, 50 years)“ If there are too many patients at government facilities, it directly affects the quality of the counseling provided.” – Medical doctor at District Hospital (male, 69)	Limited resources in healthcare facilities need to be carefully divided and efficiently employed.	Identify strategies to reduce congestion at facilities and workload of practitioners.
	“Asking about drinking alcohol for all males is easy and normal. Women, on the other hand, are sometimes nervous when asked.” (Clinical nurse, female, 42 years, district hospital) “Patients are afraid to tell the truth that they drink alcohol.” (Patient, male, 37 years)	Create an environment where patients, in particular female patients, feel comfortable discussing their alcohol use.	Identify strategies to reduce stigmatization of (heavy) alcohol use.
Lifestyle interventions
	“There should be a specific approach used as an easy-to-follow manual for personnel and a user-friendly manual for patients that they can utilize themselves […].” (Director at Department of Disease Control, female, 56 years)	Access to standardized, high-quality lifestyle support and counselling should be ensured for all patients.	Develop clear and concise guidelines for evidence-based interventions.
	“[Remote intervention] can be used to follow up behavior modification and to empower the patient. This will help reduce the missing of appointments.” (Operation Chief of the Primary Care Services at Regional Public Health Office, male, 50 years)	Improve patient compliance and long-term lifestyle modification.	Introduce monitoring mechanisms for (changes in) lifestyle behavior and alcohol use.
	“Advantages [are] being able to get advice at anytime, anywhere with a signal, and every-one can access it, if they have electronic communication devices.” (Medical doctor, male, 58 years, district hospital) “Most of the patients with chronic diseases are the elderly. They are not skillful in using electronic devices. Some people are poor and obtaining electronic equipment is difficult.” – Clinical nurse, female, 36 years, NCD clinic	Digital tools may be used to expand equal access to lifestyle interventions.	Implement remote and electronically supported intervention elements that are compatible with the population’s skillset.
	“Advice can only be provided at the NCD clinic. Outside the clinic, there are some, but it depends on the service provider.” (Clinical nurse, female, 52 years, district hospital)	Health promotion and lifestyle counselling at sub-district level may be more easily accessed by patients.	Strengthen resources and activities at sub-district level.