Table 3.
Summary of vaccine effectiveness and impact studies in MSM.
| Author Year | Country | Patient Description | Demonstrated Effect a |
|---|---|---|---|
| Effectiveness Studies | |||
| Swedish 2012 [46] | United States | HIV(−) MSM with prior biopsied and treated HGAIN | 58% for recurrent HGAIN at 1 year and 50% at 2 years. Among patients HPV DNA(+) for high-risk genotypes, 60% at 1 year and 53% at 2 years. NS at 3 years for all comparisons. |
| Swedish 2014 [47] | United States | HIV(−) MSM ≥26 y with no anal condyloma history or previously treated, recurrence-free condyloma | 55% in total population. NS for recurrent AGW among patients with history of AGW within the past 5 years. |
| Thompson 2018 [48] | United States | HIV(+) MSM (98%) and transwomen (2%) b | NS against anal precancers among 85% of the population with anal cytology data. |
| Impact Studies of 4vHPV against Anogenital Warts | |||
| Ali 2017 [23] | Australia | Indigenous and non-indigenous MSM attending 39 sexual health clinics c | 36% decline in rate for non-Indigenous. NS for Indigenous between 2004 and 2007 and between 2008 and 2014. |
| Chow 2015 [27] | Australia | MSM aged 16–40 years attending 1 sexual health clinic d | 33% decline overall between 2004 and 2005 and between 2013 and 2014. Variation by age, sexual orientation, and wart location was noted. |
| Donovan 2011 [29] | Australia | MSM attending 8 sexual health clinics d | 28% decline between January and June 2004 and between January and June 2007. |
| Checchi 2019 [25] | United Kingdom | MSM aged 15–24 years attending sexual health clinics participating in national surveillance system d | 79% decline for 15 year olds between 2014 and 2017. NS for other age groups (15–17, 18–20, and 21–24). |
| Lukac 2020 [36] | Canada | MSM aged 14–46 years attending 16 sexual health clinics d | 41% decline between 1991 and 1993 and between 1994 and 1996. NS for earlier birth cohort comparisons. |
AGW, anogenital warts; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; HPV, human papillomavirus; MSM, men who have sex with men; NS, not significant. a Reported for multivariable analyses when available. b There were N = 7 transwomen included in overall cohort of N = 314 subjects, but only N = 267 had anal screening, and since no subgroup analyses were performed, it is unclear if any data in this report were from transwomen. c The study also included Indigenous women, who are not within the scope of this SLR. d The study also included women and heterosexual men, who are not within the scope of this SLR.